Version 1.0.0 The United States Antarctic Service Expedition (1939–1941), often referred to as Byrd’s Third Antarctic Expedition, was an expedition jointly sponsored by the United States Navy, State Department, Department of the Interior and The Treasury. Although a U.S.-government sponsored expedition, additional support came from donations and gifts by private citizens, corporations and institutions. Rear Admiral Richard Evelyn Byrd donated many of the supplies that he had gathered for his own expedition, the largest item being the Bear of Oakland, commissioned the USS Bear. A second ship, the USMS North Star, a 1434-ton wooden ice ship built for the Bureau of Indian Affairs was supplied by the Department of the Interior. A total of 125 men departed from the United States in the two ships of the United States Antarctic Service Expedition. Most of the men who made up the expedition were solicited from the military ranks, civilian agencies of government and scientific institutions. A few volunteers were employed by the Department of the Interior for $10 per month, food and clothing included. A total of 59 men, divided initially into three groups, wintered in Antarctica. The objectives of the expedition were outlined in an order from President Franklin D. Roosevelt dated November 25, 1939. The President wanted two bases to be established: East Base, in the vicinity of Charcot Island or Alexander I Land, or on Marguerite Bay if no accessible site could be found on either of the specified islands; and West Base, in the vicinity of King Edward VII Land, but if this proved impossible, a site on the Bay of Whales at or near Little America was to be investigated, and delineation of the continental coast line between the meridians 72 degrees W., and 148 degrees W. In view of the broad scope of the objectives and the unpredictable circumstances that always arise in Antarctica, it is remarkable that most of the objectives set for them were met. Observations were conducted in every conceivable area: seismic, cosmic ray, auroral, biological, tidal, magnetic and physiological to name a few. All in all, it was an extremely successful expedition. With international tensions on the rise, it was considered wise to evacuate the two bases rather than relieve the present personnel with new men who would continue to occupy the bases. It was hoped that one day this base would be reoccupied so much of the equipment and supplies were left behind as the two ships sailed from West Base on February 1, 1941. The evacuation of East Base was concluded on March 22 and both ships sailed immediately. The USMS North Star arrived in Boston on May 5 and the USS Bear on May 18.This dataset was downloaded from OBIS (https://obis.org/). The records for only marine mammals, seabirds, sea turtles and rays and sharks were extracted. Records with no longitude/latitude or no date (eventDate) were excluded. OBIS dataset page: <a target="_blank" href="https://obis.org/dataset/2888968e-dc59-4ae4-873b-236b0c7a3e5a">https://obis.org/dataset/2888968e-dc59-4ae4-873b-236b0c7a3e5a</a> Data Provider's dataset page: <a target="_blank" href="https://nzobisipt.niwa.co.nz/resource?r=usase">https://nzobisipt.niwa.co.nz/resource?r=usase</a>1939121419410301ground conditionIn workAs neededOcean-179.9117-62.91667-18-78.631 NoneMarine BiologyTaxon coveredMarine mammalsseabirdsIntegrated Taxonomic Information SystemUnknownNot applicableDownloaded April, 2004http://www.itis.usda.gov/Refer to the contact information of the datasetRefer to the contact information of the datasetmailing and physical address

Refer to the contact information of the dataset

Refer to the contact information of the datasetRefer to the contact information of the datasetRefer to the contact information of the datasetRefer to the contact information of the datasetNot providedIdentified by observers or researchers conducting the surveyKingdomAnimaliaPhylumChordataSubphylumVertebrataClassAvesFamilySpheniscidaeGenusAptenodytesSpeciesAptenodytes forsteriGenusPygoscelisSpeciesPygoscelis adeliaeSpeciesPygoscelis antarcticusSpeciesPygoscelis papuaOrderProcellariiformesFamilyProcellariidaeGenusDaptionSpeciesDaption capenseGenusFulmarusSpeciesFulmarus glacialoidesGenusMacronectesSpeciesMacronectes giganteusGenusPagodromaSpeciesPagodroma niveaGenusThalassoicaSpeciesThalassoica antarcticaFamilyHydrobatidaeSubfamilyOceanitinaeGenusGarrodiaSpeciesGarrodia nereisGenusOceanitesSpeciesOceanites oceanicusGenusPelagodromaSpeciesPelagodroma marinaFamilyDiomedeidaeGenusThalassarcheSpeciesThalassarche chrysostomaOrderCharadriiformesFamilyLaridaeGenusLarusSpeciesLarus dominicanusGenusSternaSpeciesSterna paradisaeaSpeciesSterna vittataFamilyStercorariidaeGenusStercorariusSpeciesStercorarius maccormickiClassMammaliaSubclassTheriaInfraclassEutheriaOrderCarnivoraSuborderCaniformiaFamilyPhocidaeGenusHydrurgaSpeciesHydrurga leptonyxGenusLeptonychotesSpeciesLeptonychotes weddellii Public. 1. Not to use data obtained from OBIS-SEAMAP in any publication, product, or commercial application without proper attribution to the original data provider(s) and OBIS-SEAMAP unless the datasets are explicitly shown under the CC0 policy. Citations or credits are suggested as attribution. If the data you downloaded come from multiple datasets, a citation or credit to each of the datasets is required. Suggested citation for this dataset: Mackay, K. 2020. Biological records from the U.S Antarctic Service Expedition, 1939-41. Data downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP (http://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/103152377) on yyyy-mm-dd and originated from OBIS (https://obis.org/dataset/2888968e-dc59-4ae4-873b-236b0c7a3e5a) Suggested citation for OBIS-SEAMAP: Halpin, P.N., A.J. Read, E. Fujioka, B.D. Best, B. Donnelly, L.J. Hazen, C. Kot, K. Urian, E. LaBrecque, A. Dimatteo, J. Cleary, C. Good, L.B. Crowder, and K.D. Hyrenbach. 2009. OBIS-SEAMAP: The world data center for marine mammal, sea bird, and sea turtle distributions. Oceanography 22(2):104-115 2. To forward the citation of any publication / report that made use of the data / tools provided by OBIS-SEAMAP for inclusion in our list of references. 3. Not to hold OBIS-SEAMAP or the original data providers liable for errors in the data. While we have made every effort to ensure the quality of the database, we cannot guarantee the accuracy of these datasets. 4. The burden for determining fitness for use of the downloaded data for any analyses lies entirely with the user. OBIS-SEAMAP or the original data providers do not support outcomes of your analyses that used the data you downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP. 5. To consider inclusion of the accompanying transect (effort) dataset if available into the methodology of your analyses. 6. Not to redistribute the data you downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP through any media without contect from OBIS-SEAMAP and the original data providers unless the datasets are explicitly shown under the CC0 policy. Kevin MackayNIWA mailing and physical address unknown OBIS and SWP OBIS Relational database SWPRON (2019): Biological records from the Uvector digital data All attributes were measured and recorded during the survey and validated by the data provider. Permissible values for date and time and coordinates were validated by the data provider and the OBIS-SEAMAP data manager. Species identification by the data provider was matched with Integrated Taxonomic Information System. All observation records are included.Data were put through the OBIS-SEAMAP data registration steps.20200526Point 1e-061e-06Decimal degrees D_WGS_1984WGS_1984 6378137.000000298.257224 Biogeographic dataBiogeographic dataNot applicableoidInternal IDData providerInternal IDidRecord IDData providerRecord IDdataset_idDataset IDData providerDataset IDscientificnameScientific nameData providerScientific namevernacularnameVernacular nameData providerVernacular nameaphiaidAphia IDData providerAphia IDtaxonranktaxononic rankData providertaxononic rankindividualcountGroup size / individual countData providerGroup size / individual counteventdateEvent date (precision varies)Data providerEvent date (precision varies)eventtimeEvent timeData providerEvent timedecimallatitudeLatitude in decimal degreesData providerLatitude in decimal degreesdecimallongitudeLongitude in decimal degreesData providerLongitude in decimal degreescoordinateprecisionCoordinate precisionData providerCoordinate precisioncatalognumberCatalog numberData providerCatalog numbercollectioncodeCollection codeData providerCollection codeoccurrencestatusOccurrence statusData providerOccurrence statusbasisofrecordBasis of record (HumanObservation / MachineObservation)Data providerBasis of record (HumanObservation / MachineObservation)modifiedDate/time the record was modifiedData providerDate/time the record was modifiednode_idNode IDData providerNode IDoccurrenceidOccurrence IDData providerOccurrence IDoccurrenceremarksOccurrence remarksData providerOccurrence remarkseventidEvent IDData providerEvent IDinstitutioncodeInstitution codeData providerInstitution codelifestageLife stageData providerLife stagesexGender of the animal if knownData providerGender of the animal if knownspeciesSpecies by providerData providerSpecies by providerdatasetidDataset ID by providerData providerDataset ID by providercountryCountryData providerCountrylocalityLocation of oceanData providerLocation of oceanwaterbodyDetails of oceanData providerDetails of oceandroppedFlag indicating the record was dropped (always false)Data providerFlag indicating the record was dropped (always false)absenceFlag indicating the record represents the absence of the species (always false)Data providerFlag indicating the record represents the absence of the species (always false)marineFlag indicating the record is for marine life (always true)Data providerFlag indicating the record is for marine life (always true)This section explains attributes included in the original dataset. OBIS-SEAMAP restricts the attributes available to the public to date/time, lat/lon and species names/counts only. Should you need other attributes described here, you are encouraged to contact the data provider.Kevin Mackay, NIWA Nicholas School of Environment, Duke University OBIS-SEAMAP mailing and physical address

A328, LSRC

DurhamNC27708USA 919-613-8021 seamap-contact@duke.edu OBIS-SEAMAP Dataset ID 103152377Not to hold OBIS-SEAMAP liable for errors in the data. While we have made every effort to ensure the quality of the database, we cannot guarantee the accuracy of these datasets. Also please refer to Use Constraints. CSV and ESRI shapefile OBIS-SEAMAP Free Go to the OBIS-SEAMAP web site. 2020070220200702 Ei Fujioka Nicholas School, Duke Universitymailing and physical address

A328, LSRC

DurhamNC27708USA 919-613-8021 seamap-contact@duke.edu FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial MetadataFGDC-STD-001-1998local time http://www.nbii.gov/Biological Data Profile