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    <title xml:lang="eng">NMML Small Cetacean Aerial Survey 1997</title>
    <creator>
      <individualName>
        <givenName>Roderick</givenName>
        <surName>Hobbs</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>National Marine Mammal Laboratory</organizationName>
      <positionName>Primary contact</positionName>
      <electronicMailAddress>Rod.Hobbs@noaa.gov</electronicMailAddress>
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      <organizationName>Marine Geospatial Ecology Lab, Duke University</organizationName>
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        <deliveryPoint>A328 LSRC building</deliveryPoint>
        <city>Durham</city>
        <administrativeArea>NC</administrativeArea>
        <postalCode>27708</postalCode>
        <country>US</country>
      </address>
      <electronicMailAddress>seamap-contact@duke.edu</electronicMailAddress>
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      <individualName>
        <surName>OBIS-SEAMAP</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>Marine Geospatial Ecology Lab, Duke University</organizationName>
      <positionName/>
      <address>
        <deliveryPoint>A328 LSRC building</deliveryPoint>
        <city>Durham</city>
        <administrativeArea>NC</administrativeArea>
        <postalCode>27708</postalCode>
        <country>US</country>
      </address>
      <electronicMailAddress>seamap-contact@duke.edu</electronicMailAddress>
      <onlineUrl>https://seamap.env.duke.edu</onlineUrl>
      <role>distributor</role>
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    <associatedParty>
      <individualName>
        <givenName>Roderick</givenName>
        <surName>Hobbs</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>National Marine Mammal Laboratory</organizationName>
      <positionName>Primary contact</positionName>
      <electronicMailAddress>Rod.Hobbs@noaa.gov</electronicMailAddress>
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    <pubDate>2025-07-31</pubDate>
    <language>eng</language>
    <abstract>
      <para>Original provider:
National Marine Mammal Laboratory

Dataset credits:
National Marine Mammal Laboratory

Abstract:
Aerial surveys was conducted in 1997 progressing from east to west, to estimate abundance of  the Southeast Alaska (SEA, 9,844 km survey effort), Gulf of Alaska (GOA, 10,127 km survey effort), and Bering Sea  (BS, 7849 km survey effort) harbor porpoise stocks.  In addition, 1355 km of survey effort during a Cook Inlet beluga survey were analyzed to add to the coverage for the GOA stock.  Data from an independent observer concentrating on the trackline was used to estimate perception bias.  Significant differences in g(0) and effective strip width (ESW) were found between the survey conducted in 1997 and the 1998 and 1999 surveys, therefore 1997 was treated separately.  In both analyses, g(0) was dependent on visibility reported by observers, and in the 1997 data ESW was dependent as well.  The 1997 survey included the inland waters of southeastern Alaska and the eastern Gulf of Alaska from Dixon Entrance to Cape Suckling
</para>
    </abstract>
    <keywordSet>
      <keyword>Occurrence</keyword>
      <keywordThesaurus>GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type.xml</keywordThesaurus>
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    <keywordSet>
      <keyword>Observation</keyword>
      <keywordThesaurus>GBIF Dataset Subtype Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_subtype.xml</keywordThesaurus>
    </keywordSet>
    <keywordSet>
      <keyword>Marine Biology</keyword>
      <keyword>Visual sighting</keyword>
      <keyword>Aircraft</keyword>
      <keyword>Sightings</keyword>
      <keyword>harbor porpoise</keyword>
      <keyword>survey</keyword>
      <keyword>aerial survey</keyword>
      <keyword>cetacean</keyword>
      <keywordThesaurus>N/A</keywordThesaurus>
    </keywordSet>
    <additionalInfo>
      <!-- Added for IPT2.3 on 2016-02-29. This field should include words "marine, harvested by iOBIS" for IPT -->
      <para>Although the previous harbor porpoise surveys (1991- 1993) used a vessel platform for the inside waters of Southeast Alaska (Dahlheim et al. 1992, 1993, 1994), the current survey was conducted entirely from aircraft.</para>
    </additionalInfo>
    <intellectualRights>
      <!-- Added for IPT2.3 on 2015-11-18 . TextType -->
      <para>This work is licensed under a <ulink url="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode"><citetitle>Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC-BY-NC) 4.0 License</citetitle></ulink>.</para>
    </intellectualRights>
    <distribution scope="document">
      <online>
        <url function="information">https://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/115</url>
      </online>
    </distribution>
    <coverage>
      <geographicCoverage>
        <geographicDescription>Oceans,Alaska,Eastern Alaska,Gulf of Alaska,Dixon Entrance,Cape Suckling</geographicDescription>
        <boundingCoordinates>
          <westBoundingCoordinate>-143.9533</westBoundingCoordinate>
          <eastBoundingCoordinate>-131.0048</eastBoundingCoordinate>
          <northBoundingCoordinate>60.133</northBoundingCoordinate>
          <southBoundingCoordinate>54.4542</southBoundingCoordinate>
        </boundingCoordinates>
      </geographicCoverage>
      <temporalCoverage>
        <rangeOfDates>
          <beginDate>
            <calendarDate>1997-05-28</calendarDate>
          </beginDate>
          <endDate>
            <calendarDate>1997-07-28</calendarDate>
          </endDate>
        </rangeOfDates>
      </temporalCoverage>
      <taxonomicCoverage>
        <generalTaxonomicCoverage>Scientific names are based on the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).</generalTaxonomicCoverage>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Balaenoptera physalus</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Fin whale</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>order</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Cetacea</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Cetaceans</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Eschrichtius robustus</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Gray whale</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Eumetopias jubatus</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Steller sea lion</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Lagenorhynchus obliquidens</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Pacific white-sided dolphin</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Megaptera novaeangliae</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Humpback whale</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Mesoplodon</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Beaked whales</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Orcinus orca</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Killer whale</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Phoca vitulina</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Harbor seal</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Phocoena phocoena</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Harbor porpoise</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Phocoenoides dalli</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Dall's porpoise</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Physeter macrocephalus</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Sperm whale</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
      </taxonomicCoverage>
    </coverage>
    <purpose>
      <para>A 3-year survey began in 1997 to complete a new abundance estimate by 1999. This survey will also include an abundance estimate for Dall&#x92;s porpoise (Phocoenoides dalli). Once the 3 years of surveys are completed, the data will be used to estimate annual abundance of harbor porpoise and Dall&#x92;s porpoise, which is one of the key pieces of information needed to manage marine mammal-fishery interactions, as required under the Marine Mammal Protection Act.</para>
    </purpose>
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Available options for maintenanceUpdateFrequency
daily|...|notPlanned|irregular|unknown
-->
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      <description>
        <para/>
      </description>
      <maintenanceUpdateFrequency>notPlanned</maintenanceUpdateFrequency>
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    <contact>
      <individualName>
        <givenName>Roderick</givenName>
        <surName>Hobbs</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>National Marine Mammal Laboratory</organizationName>
      <positionName>Primary contact</positionName>
      <electronicMailAddress>Rod.Hobbs@noaa.gov</electronicMailAddress>
      <onlineUrl/>
    </contact>
    <methods>
      <methodStep>
        <description>
          <para>NA</para>
        </description>
      </methodStep>
      <sampling>
        <studyExtent>
          <description>
            <para>NA</para>
          </description>
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        <samplingDescription>
          <para>NA</para>
        </samplingDescription>
      </sampling>
    </methods>
    <project>
      <title>NMML Small Cetacean Aerial Survey 1997</title>
      <personnel>
        <individualName>
          <givenName>Roderick</givenName>
          <surName>Hobbs</surName>
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        <role>owner</role>
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      <funding>
        <para>NA</para>
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      </studyAreaDescription>
      <designDescription>
        <description>
          <para/>
        </description>
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    </project>
    <shortName>zd_115</shortName>
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    <metadata>
      <gbif>
        <dateStamp>2025-07-31T14:05:23-04:00</dateStamp>
        <hierarchyLevel>dataset</hierarchyLevel>
        <citation identifier="https://doi.org/10.82144/e0b19e8e">Hobbs, R. 2004. NMML Small Cetacean Aerial Survey 1997. Version 1.0.0. Dataset published in OBIS-SEAMAP. https://doi.org/10.82144/e0b19e8e.</citation>
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        <!-- added for STAT on 2016/03/28 -->
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