<?xml version="1.0"?>
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    <descript>
      <abstract>Visual line-transect surveys for cetaceans were conducted in the southeastern Bering Sea (SEBS) from 10 June to 3 July 2000, in association with a pollock stock assessment survey aboard the NOAA ship Miller Freeman. Observers scanned for cetaceans with 25x (Big Eye) binoculars from the flying bridge (platform height = 12 m) at survey speeds of 18.5-22 km h-1 (10-12 knots). Transect survey effort was 2,194 km in 2000, in a study area 158,561 km2. An additional 402 km of trackline was surveyed in 2000 while in transit to or from pollock survey way points. Fin whales (&lt;i&gt;Balaenoptera physalus&lt;/i&gt;) were the most common large whale, and Dall's porpoises (&lt;i&gt;Phocoenoides dalli&lt;/i&gt;) were the most common small cetacean. In the SEBS 2000, uncorrected abundance estimates were: 683 (CV = 0.32) fin whales, 102 (CV = 0.50) humpback whales (&lt;i&gt;Megaptera novaeangliae&lt;/i&gt;), 1,003 (CV = 0.26) minke whales, 9,807 (CV = 0.20) Dall's porpoise, and 1,958 (CV = 0.21) harbor porpoise. Non-pollock echosigns observed near cetaceans, some of which may have been cetacean prey, were not routinely identified during trawl sampling because the research focus was on pollock abundance assessment. Clearly, additional surveys and concomitant assessment of cetacean prey are needed to better define their role in the Bering Sea ecosystem. Such surveys, combined with measures of local hydrography and prey field should be the goal of future cetacean assessments.</abstract>
      <purpose>Cetacean distribution and abundance in the Bering Sea is poorly described, with even recent reviews of cetaceans' role in the ecosystem reliant on data from the commercial whaling era. Commercial harvests of baleen whales (mysticetes) were extensive in the North Pacific and Bering Sea, especially between 1835 and 1850 for North Pacific right whales and between 1965 and 1979 for fin and humpback whales. The effect of these large-scale removals on the marine ecosystem is largely unknown. Similarly, some species of toothed whales (odontocetes) are sometimes killed in the course of commercial fishing operations. Pelagic dolphins and Dall's porpoise were especially vulnerable during high seas driftnet fishing in the North Pacific in the 1980s, and once again the long-term ramifications of these removals are unknown. One reason for this uncertainty is the lack of data on current cetacean distribution and estimates of abundance in pelagic environments. Surveys to determine distribution and abundance are costly and, therefore, often confined either to coastal waters where the logistics are most practical, or to areas of the ocean where marine mammal mortality associated with commercial fishing is particularly high. The pelagic waters of the Bering Sea have not met either criteria and so are comparatively undersampled for cetaceans. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&#xD;
&#xD;
Cruises were undertaken in association with the Alaska Fisheries Science Center/Resource Assessment and Conservation Engineering (AFSC/RACE) division to conduct visual surveys for cetaceans during the semi-annual acoustic trawl surveys for walleye pollock (&lt;i&gt;Theragra chalcogramma&lt;/i&gt;) on the Bering Sea shelf. Biologists from the AFSC/National Marine Mammal Laboratory (NMML) were able to join subsequent surveys in the southeastern Bering Sea (SEBS) in 2000, providing an opportunity to describe cetacean distribution and calculate abundance over a broad area of the Bering Sea shelf.</purpose>
      <supplinf/>
    </descript>
    <citation>
      <citeinfo><origin>Waite, J</origin><pubdate>2006</pubdate><title>NMML Bering Sea Cetacean Survey 2000</title><onlink>https://doi.org/10.82144/623ec599</onlink><serinfo><sername>OBIS-SEAMAP</sername><issue>122</issue></serinfo><pubinfo><pubplace>http://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/122</pubplace><publish>OBIS-SEAMAP</publish></pubinfo><edition>Version 1.0.0</edition></citeinfo>
    </citation>
    <timeperd>
      <current>ground condition</current>
      <timeinfo>
        <rngdates>
          <begdate>2000-06-10</begdate>
          <enddate>2000-07-02</enddate>
        </rngdates>
      </timeinfo>
    </timeperd>
    <status>
      <progress>Complete</progress>
      <update>None planned</update>
    </status>
    <spdom><bounding><westbc>-170.2963</westbc><eastbc>-154.9787</eastbc><northbc>58.5915</northbc><southbc>54.1873</southbc></bounding><lboundng><leftbc>-170.2963</leftbc><rightbc>-154.9787</rightbc><topbc>58.5915</topbc><bottombc>54.1873</bottombc></lboundng></spdom>
    <keywords><theme><themekt>Platform</themekt><themekey>Vessels</themekey><themekey>Sightings</themekey></theme><theme><themekt>User defined</themekt><themekey>survey</themekey><themekey>cetacean</themekey><themekey>walleye pollock</themekey><themekey>trawl. acoustic</themekey></theme><place><placekt>User defined</placekt><placekey>southeastern Bering Sea</placekey><placekey>Bering Sea</placekey><placekey>Alaska</placekey></place></keywords>
    <accconst>Open public unless otherwise noted. See Use Constraints for details.</accconst>
    <useconst>1. Not to use data obtained from OBIS-SEAMAP in any publication, product, or commercial application without proper attribution to the original data provider(s) and OBIS-SEAMAP unless the datasets are explicitly shown under the CC0 policy. Citations or credits are suggested as attribution. If the data you downloaded come from multiple datasets, a citation or credit to each of the datasets is required.

Suggested citation for this dataset

Waite, J. 2006. NMML Bering Sea Cetacean Survey 2000. Data downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP (http://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/122) on yyyy-mm-dd.

Suggested citation for OBIS-SEAMAP:

Halpin, P.N., A.J. Read, E. Fujioka, B.D. Best, B. Donnelly, L.J. Hazen, C. Kot, K. Urian, E. LaBrecque, A. Dimatteo, J. Cleary, C. Good, L.B. Crowder, and K.D. Hyrenbach. 2009. OBIS-SEAMAP: The world data center for marine mammal, sea bird, and sea turtle distributions. Oceanography 22(2):104-115

2. To forward the citation of any publication / report that made use of the data / tools provided by OBIS-SEAMAP for inclusion in our list of references.

3. Not to hold OBIS-SEAMAP or the original data providers liable for errors in the data. While we have made every effort to ensure the quality of the database, we cannot guarantee the accuracy of these datasets. 

4. The burden for determining fitness for use of the downloaded data for any analyses lies entirely with the user. OBIS-SEAMAP or the original data providers do not support outcomes of your analyses that used the data you downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP.

5. To consider inclusion of the accompanying transect (effort) dataset if available into the methodology of your analyses.

6. Not to redistribute the data you downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP through any media without contect from OBIS-SEAMAP and the original data providers unless the datasets are explicitly shown under the CC0 policy.</useconst>
    <natvform>Shapefile</natvform>
    <ptcontac>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntperp>
          <cntper>Janice Waite</cntper>
          <cntorg>National Marine Mammal Laboratory</cntorg>
        </cntperp>
        <cntpos/>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing and physical address</addrtype>
          <address>7600 Sand Point Way N.E.</address>
          <city>Seattle</city>
          <state>Washington</state>
          <postal>98115-6349</postal>
          <country>USA</country>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>206-526-6554</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>Janice.Waite@noaa.gov</cntemail>
      <cntfax/></cntinfo>
    </ptcontac>
    <datacred>National Marine Mammal Laboratory</datacred>
    <taxonomy><taxonsys><classsys><classcit><citeinfo><origin>Integrated Taxonomic Information System</origin><title>Integrated Taxonomic Information System</title><onlink>http://www.itis.usda.gov/</onlink><othercit>Downloaded April, 2004</othercit></citeinfo></classcit></classsys><ider><cntinfo><cntorgp><cntorg>Refer to the contact information of the dataset</cntorg></cntorgp></cntinfo></ider></taxonsys><taxoncl><taxonrn>Kingdom</taxonrn><taxonrv>Animalia</taxonrv><taxontsn>202423</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Phylum</taxonrn><taxonrv>Chordata</taxonrv><taxontsn>158852</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Subphylum</taxonrn><taxonrv>Vertebrata</taxonrv><taxontsn>331030</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Class</taxonrn><taxonrv>Mammalia</taxonrv><taxontsn>179913</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Subclass</taxonrn><taxonrv>Theria</taxonrv><taxontsn>179916</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Infraclass</taxonrn><taxonrv>Eutheria</taxonrv><taxontsn>179925</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Order</taxonrn><taxonrv>Cetacea</taxonrv><taxontsn>180403</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Suborder</taxonrn><taxonrv>Mysticeti</taxonrv><taxontsn>552298</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Family</taxonrn><taxonrv>Balaenopteridae</taxonrv><taxontsn>180522</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn><taxonrv>Balaenoptera</taxonrv><taxontsn>180523</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Species</taxonrn><taxonrv>Balaenoptera 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obliquidens</taxonrv><taxontsn>180444</taxontsn></taxoncl></taxoncl><taxoncl><taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn><taxonrv>Orcinus</taxonrv><taxontsn>180468</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Species</taxonrn><taxonrv>Orcinus orca</taxonrv><taxontsn>180469</taxontsn></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl><taxoncl><taxonrn>Family</taxonrn><taxonrv>Phocoenidae</taxonrv><taxontsn>552307</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn><taxonrv>Phocoena</taxonrv><taxontsn>180472</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Species</taxonrn><taxonrv>Phocoena phocoena</taxonrv><taxontsn>180473</taxontsn></taxoncl></taxoncl><taxoncl><taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn><taxonrv>Phocoenoides</taxonrv><taxontsn>180479</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Species</taxonrn><taxonrv>Phocoenoides dalli</taxonrv><taxontsn>180480</taxontsn></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl><taxoncl><taxonrn>Order</taxonrn><taxonrv>Carnivora</taxonrv><taxontsn>180539</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Suborder</taxonrn><taxonrv>Caniformia</taxonrv><taxontsn>552303</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Family</taxonrn><taxonrv>Otariidae</taxonrv><taxontsn>180615</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn><taxonrv>Callorhinus</taxonrv><taxontsn>180626</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Species</taxonrn><taxonrv>Callorhinus ursinus</taxonrv><taxontsn>180627</taxontsn></taxoncl></taxoncl><taxoncl><taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn><taxonrv>Eumetopias</taxonrv><taxontsn>180624</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Species</taxonrn><taxonrv>Eumetopias 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rosmarus</taxonrv><taxontsn>180639</taxontsn></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl><taxoncl><taxonrn>Family</taxonrn><taxonrv>Phocidae</taxonrv><taxontsn>180640</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn><taxonrv>Phoca</taxonrv><taxontsn>180641</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Species</taxonrn><taxonrv>Phoca vitulina</taxonrv><taxontsn>180649</taxontsn></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxonomy>
  <crossref><citeinfo><origin>Moore, S.E., J. M. Waite, N. A. Friday and T. Honkalehto</origin><pubdate>2002</pubdate><title>Cetacean distribution and relative abundance on the central&#x2013;eastern and the southeastern Bering Sea shelf with reference to oceanographic domains</title><onlink/><serinfo><sername>Progress in Oceanography</sername><issue>55(1-2): 249-261</issue></serinfo></citeinfo></crossref><crossref><citeinfo><origin>Halpin, P.N., A.J. Read, E. Fujioka, B.D. Best, B. Donnelly, L.J. Hazen, C. Kot, K. Urian, E. LaBrecque, A. Dimatteo, J. Cleary, C. Good, L.B. Crowder, and K.D. Hyrenbach</origin><pubdate>2009</pubdate><title>OBIS-SEAMAP: The world data center for marine mammal, sea bird, and sea turtle distributions</title><serinfo><sername>Oceanography</sername><issue>22(2):104-115</issue></serinfo><onlink>http://www.tos.org/oceanography/article/obis-seamap-the-world-data-center-for-marine-mammal-sea-bird-and-sea-turtle</onlink></citeinfo></crossref></idinfo>
  <metainfo>
    <metc><cntinfo><cntperp><cntper>Kimberly Goetz</cntper><cntorg>Duke University</cntorg></cntperp><cntpos/><cntaddr><addrtype>mailing and physical address</addrtype><address>A321 LSRC</address><city>Durham</city><state>NC</state><postal>27708</postal><country>USA</country></cntaddr><cntemail>ktg4@duke.edu</cntemail><cntvoice>919-613-8021</cntvoice></cntinfo></metc>
    <metextns>
      <onlink>http://www.nbii.gov/</onlink>
      <metprof>Biological Data Profile</metprof>
    </metextns>
  <metd>2006-03-21</metd><metrd>2012-02-23</metrd></metainfo>
  <dataqual>
    <posacc>
      <horizpa>
        <horizpar/>
      </horizpa>
      <vertacc>
        <vertaccr/>
      </vertacc>
    </posacc>
  <attracc><attraccr/></attracc><complete/></dataqual>
<distinfo><distrib><cntinfo><cntorgp><cntper>OBIS-SEAMAP</cntper><cntorg>Nicholas School of Environment, Duke Univ.</cntorg></cntorgp><cntpos/><cntaddr><addrtype>mailing and physical address</addrtype><address>A328, LSRC</address><city>Durham</city><state>NC</state><postal>27708</postal><country>USA</country></cntaddr><cntvoice>919-613-8021</cntvoice><cntemail>seamap-contact@duke.edu</cntemail><cntefax/></cntinfo></distrib><distliab>Not to hold OBIS-SEAMAP liable for errors in the data. While we have made every effort to ensure the quality of the database, we cannot guarantee the accuracy of these datasets.&#xD;
Also please refer to Use Constraints.</distliab><stdorder><fees>Free</fees><ordering>Go to the OBIS-SEAMAP web site</ordering><digform><digtinfo><formname>zip</formname><filedec>zipped shapefile</filedec></digtinfo><digtopt><onlinopt><computer><networka><networkr>http://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/122</networkr></networka></computer></onlinopt></digtopt></digform></stdorder></distinfo><spref><horizsys><cordsysn><geogcsn>GCS_WGS_1984</geogcsn></cordsysn><geograph><geogunit>Decimal degrees</geogunit><latres>0.000167</latres><longres>0.000167</longres></geograph><geodetic><horizdn>D_WGS_1984</horizdn><ellips>WGS_1984</ellips><semiaxis>6378137.000000</semiaxis><denflat>298.257224</denflat></geodetic></horizsys></spref><eainfo><overview><eadetcit>National Marine Mammal Laboratory</eadetcit><eaover/></overview><detailed><attr><attrlabl>Date</attrlabl><attrdef>Observed date</attrdef></attr><attr><attrlabl>Time</attrlabl><attrdef>Observed time</attrdef></attr><attr><attrlabl>Longitude</attrlabl><attrdef>Longitude of observation</attrdef></attr><attr><attrlabl>Latitude</attrlabl><attrdef>Latitude of observation</attrdef></attr><attr><attrlabl>Count</attrlabl><attrdef>Observed count</attrdef></attr><attr><attrlabl>Species</attrlabl><attrdef>Species observed</attrdef></attr><attr><attrlabl>oid</attrlabl><attrdef>Unique ID number (generated by SEAMAP)</attrdef></attr></detailed></eainfo></metadata>
