Harvey, G. K. A., T. A. Nelson, C. H. Fox, and P. C. Paquet2017Ecosphere8(7):e01884 Global biodiversity is undergoing rapid decline due to direct and indirect anthropogenic impacts to species and ecosystems. Marine species are experiencing accelerated population declines leading to many species being considered at-risk by regional, national, and international standards. As one conservation approach, decisions made using spatially explicit information on marine wildlife populations have the potential to facilitate recovery and contribute to national and international commitments towards conservation targets. Mapping both the distributions and densities of species at-risk can inform future Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) and conservation efforts, including the identification of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). The goal of this research was to map spatially continuous distributions and densities of nine marine mammal species to support coastal conservation and marine planning in British Columbia, Canada. In this study, marine mammal sightings from systematic line transect surveys were integrated with remote sensing variables using Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) to predict distribution and density for the north coast of British Columbia. Density estimates for each segment of the survey transects were calculated using Multiple Covariates Distance Sampling (MCDS; Best et al., 2015) which were then included in the GAM predictions. The final product of this work adds and expands upon existing marine mammal data by providing predicted species distributions and densities for unsampled areas of the north coast. Contributions from this study provide GIS data products for informing coastal management decisions and open access data to further marine mammal conservation and research.Please contact data providerThis dataset does not include visual sighting records as of August 2017. Surface density estimates and transect density estimates are available as supplemental layers for viewing. These layers are included in the downloadable zip file (the layer for point sightings is empty). To download, choose "Dataset on Dataset Page" and "As shapefile" options through the download wizard. The density layers are not downloadable individually. Marine mammal line-transect surveys were collected by Raincoast Conservation Foundation using Distance Sampling from 2005 to 2008. The data are provided as (1) density estimates along 1 nautical mile transects generated using Multiple Covariates Distance Sampling (MCDS) and (2) predicted density estimates per ~14km2 hexagon were calculated using Generalized Additive Models (GAM). Note, the hauled out and in water sightings for both harbor seal and Steller sea lion were collated to maximize sample size. Species abbreviations: -DP = Dall’s porpoise (Phocoenoides dalli) -FW = Fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) -HP = Harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) -HS_haulout = Harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) hauled out sightings -HS_inwater = Harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) in water sightings -HW = Humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) -KW = Killer whale (Orcinus orca) -MW = Common minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) -PW = Pacific white-sided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus obliquidens) -SSL_haulout = Steller sea lion (Lagenorhynchus obliquidens) hauled out sightings -SSL_inwater = Steller sea lion (Lagenorhynchus obliquidens) in water sightings (1) Marine Mammal density estimates along 1 nautical mile transect segments using Multiple Covariates Distance Sampling (MCDS). Field names: -“SegID” = unique line transect segment ID. Can use this field to join across species files. -“Date” = year-month-day -“Latitude” -“Longitude” -“Dhat = estimated density (number of individuals per km2) estimated using Multiple Covariates Distance Sampling (MCDS). (2) Predicted density estimations per hexagon (approx. 14km2). Note: hauled out and in-water species estimates were collated for prediction. Field names: -“hexagonID” = unique hexagon cell ID. Can use this field to join across species files. -“density” = predicted species density (number of individuals per km squared). Derived using a Generalized Additive Model (Harvey et al., 2017). -“norm_den” = Normalized density value generated by dividing the predicted density values (“density”) by the maximum predicted value for each species. Normalized density values range between 0 and 1.2004061920080829ground conditionCompleteNone plannedBritish Columbia-132.087906-132.08790652.552.5 NoneMarine Animal SurveyMarine BiologyMarine mammalsVisual SightingVesselNoneBritish ColumbiaCanadaTaxon coveredMarine mammalsIntegrated Taxonomic Information SystemUnknownNot applicableDownloaded April, 2004http://www.itis.usda.gov/Refer to the contact information of the datasetRefer to the contact information of the datasetmailing and physical address

Refer to the contact information of the dataset

Refer to the contact information of the datasetRefer to the contact information of the datasetRefer to the contact information of the datasetRefer to the contact information of the datasetNot providedIdentified by observers or researchers conducting the surveyKingdomAnimaliaPhylumChordataSubphylumVertebrataClassMammalia Open public unless otherwise noted. See Use Constraints for details. 1. Not to use data obtained from OBIS-SEAMAP in any publication, product, or commercial application without proper attribution to the original data provider(s) and OBIS-SEAMAP unless the datasets are explicitly shown under the CC0 policy. Citations or credits are suggested as attribution. If the data you downloaded come from multiple datasets, a citation or credit to each of the datasets is required. Suggested citation for this dataset: Suggested citation for OBIS-SEAMAP: Halpin, P.N., A.J. Read, E. Fujioka, B.D. Best, B. Donnelly, L.J. Hazen, C. Kot, K. Urian, E. LaBrecque, A. Dimatteo, J. Cleary, C. Good, L.B. Crowder, and K.D. Hyrenbach. 2009. OBIS-SEAMAP: The world data center for marine mammal, sea bird, and sea turtle distributions. Oceanography 22(2):104-115 2. To forward the citation of any publication / report that made use of the data / tools provided by OBIS-SEAMAP for inclusion in our list of references. 3. Not to hold OBIS-SEAMAP or the original data providers liable for errors in the data. While we have made every effort to ensure the quality of the database, we cannot guarantee the accuracy of these datasets. 4. The burden for determining fitness for use of the downloaded data for any analyses lies entirely with the user. OBIS-SEAMAP or the original data providers do not support outcomes of your analyses that used the data you downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP. 5. To consider inclusion of the accompanying transect (effort) dataset if available into the methodology of your analyses. 6. Not to redistribute the data you downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP through any media without contect from OBIS-SEAMAP and the original data providers unless the datasets are explicitly shown under the CC0 policy. Caroline Fox; Gillian Harvey; Paul PaquetDalhousie University; n/a; n/a mailing and physical address

n/a; n/a; n/a

Halifax; n/a; n/aNS; n/a; n/an/a; n/a; n/aCanada; n/a; n/a n/a; n/a; n/acarolinehfox@gmail.com; gillian.k.harvey@gmail.com; ppaquet@baudoux.ca Relational database Raincoast Conservation Foundation, University of Victoria, and Dalhousie University. At minimum, please cite Harvey et al. 2017, Best et al. 2015, and Williams & Thomas 2007 if using these data.Harvey, G. K. A., T. A. Nelson, C. H. Fox, and P. C. Paquet2017vector digital dataEcosphere8(7):e01884Best, B. D., C. H. Fox, R. Williams, P. N. Halpin, and P. C. Paquet2015vector digital dataJournal of Cetacean Resource Management15:9–26Williams, R., and L. Thomas2007vector digital dataJournal of Cetacean Research and Management9:15–28Harvey, G2017Version 1.0.0vector digital dataOBIS-SEAMAP1485https://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/1485OBIS-SEAMAPhttps://doi.org/10.82144/d14ef9a4Halpin, P.N., A.J. Read, E. Fujioka, B.D. Best, B. Donnelly, L.J. Hazen, C. Kot, K. Urian, E. LaBrecque, A. Dimatteo, J. Cleary, C. Good, L.B. Crowder, and K.D. Hyrenbach2009Oceanography22(2):104-115 All attributes were measured and recorded during the survey and validated by the data provider. Permissible values for date and time and coordinates were validated by the data provider and the OBIS-SEAMAP data manager. Species identification by the data provider was matched with Integrated Taxonomic Information System. All observation records are included.Data were put through the OBIS-SEAMAP data registration steps.20250829Point 1e-061e-06Decimal degrees D_WGS_1984WGS_1984 6378137.000000298.257224 Biogeographic dataBiogeographic dataNot applicableoidUnique ID number (generated by OBIS-SEAMAP)Data providerUnique ID number (generated by OBIS-SEAMAP)fidInternal Field IDData provider11obs_timeTime of the sighting (local time) added by OBIS-SEAMAPData provider00:00:0000:00:00obs_dateDate of the sighting added by OBIS-SEAMAPData provider2004-06-192004-06-19obs_countGroup size added by OBIS-SEAMAPData providerGroup size added by OBIS-SEAMAPspeciesSpecies name recordedData providerSpecies name recordedsp_tsnTaxonomic Serial Number added by OBIS-SEAMAPData provider179913179913longitudeLongitude in decimal degreesData provider-132.0879060-132.0879060latitudeLatitude in decimal degreesData provider54.201439054.2014390geomGeometry field added by OBIS-SEAMAPData providerGeometry field added by OBIS-SEAMAPThis section explains attributes included in the original dataset. OBIS-SEAMAP restricts the attributes available to the public to date/time, lat/lon and species names/counts only. Should you need other attributes described here, you are encouraged to contact the data provider.Raincoast Conservation Foundation, University of Victoria, Dalhousie University Nicholas School of Environment, Duke Univ. OBIS-SEAMAP mailing and physical address

A328, LSRC

DurhamNC27708USA 919-613-8021 seamap-contact@duke.edu OBIS-SEAMAP Dataset ID 1485Not to hold OBIS-SEAMAP liable for errors in the data. While we have made every effort to ensure the quality of the database, we cannot guarantee the accuracy of these datasets. Also please refer to Use Constraints. CSV and ESRI shapefile OBIS-SEAMAP Free Go to the OBIS-SEAMAP web site. 2025091120250911 Ei Fujioka Nicholas School, Duke Universitymailing and physical address

A328, LSRC

DurhamNC27708USA 919-613-8021 seamap-contact@duke.edu FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial MetadataFGDC-STD-001-1998local time http://www.nbii.gov/Biological Data Profile