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    <alternateIdentifier>https://obis.org/dataset/37297572-2fe7-4761-aaac-8d60bb522c18</alternateIdentifier>
    <title xml:lang="eng">Cetacean and sea turtle sightings in Gabon</title>
    <creator>
      <individualName>
        <givenName>Marijke</givenName>
        <surName>de Boer</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>Wageningen Marine Research, University of Wageningen</organizationName>
      <positionName>Primary contact</positionName>
      <electronicMailAddress>marijkedeboer@hotmail.com</electronicMailAddress>
      <onlineUrl/>
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      <organizationName>Marine Geospatial Ecology Lab, Duke University</organizationName>
      <positionName/>
      <address>
        <deliveryPoint>A328 LSRC building</deliveryPoint>
        <city>Durham</city>
        <administrativeArea>NC</administrativeArea>
        <postalCode>27708</postalCode>
        <country>US</country>
      </address>
      <electronicMailAddress>seamap-contact@duke.edu</electronicMailAddress>
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        <surName>OBIS-SEAMAP</surName>
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      <organizationName>Marine Geospatial Ecology Lab, Duke University</organizationName>
      <positionName/>
      <address>
        <deliveryPoint>A328 LSRC building</deliveryPoint>
        <city>Durham</city>
        <administrativeArea>NC</administrativeArea>
        <postalCode>27708</postalCode>
        <country>US</country>
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      <onlineUrl>https://seamap.env.duke.edu</onlineUrl>
      <role>distributor</role>
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    <associatedParty>
      <individualName>
        <givenName>Marijke</givenName>
        <surName>de Boer</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>Wageningen Marine Research, University of Wageningen</organizationName>
      <positionName>Primary contact</positionName>
      <electronicMailAddress>marijkedeboer@hotmail.com</electronicMailAddress>
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      <role>owner</role>
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    <pubDate>2025-09-11</pubDate>
    <language>eng</language>
    <abstract>
      <para>Original provider:
Marijke de Boer

Dataset credits:
Marijke N. de Boer

Abstract:
Information on cetaceans and marine turtles off Gabon in tropical West Africa was collected during boat-based surveys carried out between 7 March and 7 August 2009. Thirteen cetacean species were positively identified comprising two baleen whale species, one sperm whale species and ten species of delphinid. Bryde&#x2019;s whale (Balaenoptera brydei) and humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) were the most frequently encountered species. Cetaceans were found throughout a range of sea surface temperature between 20.5&#x2DA;C and 27.5&#x2DA;C and a wide range of depths with the majority of effort and sightings occurring seaward of the shelf break. Of particular interest from the study were the following: (1) Gabonese waters have a broad cetacean diversity, especially with a large and diversified delphinid community in the northern part of the study area; (2) the variations in oceanographic conditions within Gabonese waters are likely to result in a temporal variation in species composition; (3) the sightings of Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis) are the first at-sea sightings confirmed for these waters, although not unexpected given their distribution and abundant presence in surrounding waters; and (4) the poorly known Clymene dolphin (Stenella clymene) was sighted on four occasions in deep oceanic waters and was the most abundant cetacean. These are the first confirmed records of Clymene dolphins in Gabonese waters.
</para>
    </abstract>
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      <keyword>Occurrence</keyword>
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      <keyword>Observation</keyword>
      <keywordThesaurus>GBIF Dataset Subtype Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_subtype.xml</keywordThesaurus>
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    <keywordSet>
      <keyword>Marine Biology</keyword>
      <keyword>Visual sighting</keyword>
      <keyword>Marine Animal Survey</keyword>
      <keyword>Marine mammals</keyword>
      <keyword>Sea turtles</keyword>
      <keyword>Visual Sighting</keyword>
      <keyword>Vessel</keyword>
      <keywordThesaurus>N/A</keywordThesaurus>
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      <para/>
    </additionalInfo>
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      <para>This work is licensed under a <ulink url="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode"><citetitle>Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC-BY-NC) 4.0 License</citetitle></ulink>.</para>
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      <online>
        <url function="information">https://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/2019</url>
      </online>
    </distribution>
    <coverage>
      <geographicCoverage>
        <geographicDescription>Oceans,Gabon</geographicDescription>
        <boundingCoordinates>
          <westBoundingCoordinate>7.3533</westBoundingCoordinate>
          <eastBoundingCoordinate>10.73</eastBoundingCoordinate>
          <northBoundingCoordinate>-0.6128</northBoundingCoordinate>
          <southBoundingCoordinate>-5.5</southBoundingCoordinate>
        </boundingCoordinates>
      </geographicCoverage>
      <temporalCoverage>
        <rangeOfDates>
          <beginDate>
            <calendarDate>2009-03-13</calendarDate>
          </beginDate>
          <endDate>
            <calendarDate>2009-08-06</calendarDate>
          </endDate>
        </rangeOfDates>
      </temporalCoverage>
      <taxonomicCoverage>
        <generalTaxonomicCoverage>Scientific names are based on the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).</generalTaxonomicCoverage>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Balaenoptera</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Baleen whales</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Balaenoptera brydei</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Bryde's whale</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>order</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Cetacea</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Cetaceans</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>family</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Cheloniidae</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Sea turtles</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>family</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Delphinidae</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Dolphins</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Delphinus</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Common dolphins</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Globicephala macrorhynchus</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Short-finned pilot whale</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Grampus griseus</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Risso's dolphin</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Lepidochelys olivacea</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Olive ridley</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Megaptera novaeangliae</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Humpback whale</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Mesoplodon</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Beaked whales</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Orcinus orca</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Killer whale</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Peponocephala electra</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Melon-headed whale</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Physeter macrocephalus</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Sperm whale</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Stenella attenuata</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Pantropical spotted dolphin</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Stenella clymene</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Clymene dolphin</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Stenella frontalis</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Atlantic spotted dolphin</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Steno bredanensis</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Rough-toothed dolphin</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Tursiops truncatus</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Common bottlenose dolphin</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
      </taxonomicCoverage>
    </coverage>
    <purpose>
      <para>The main purpose of this study was to contribute information on the distribution and relative abundance of cetaceans sighted during a geophysical survey in Gabonese waters and where possible relating the occurrence of different species with oceanographic parameters such as sea surface temperature (SST) and depth.</para>
    </purpose>
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Available options for maintenanceUpdateFrequency
daily|...|notPlanned|irregular|unknown
-->
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      <description>
        <para/>
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    <contact>
      <individualName>
        <givenName>Marijke</givenName>
        <surName>de Boer</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>Wageningen Marine Research, University of Wageningen</organizationName>
      <positionName>Primary contact</positionName>
      <electronicMailAddress>marijkedeboer@hotmail.com</electronicMailAddress>
      <onlineUrl/>
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    <methods>
      <methodStep>
        <description>
          <para>NA</para>
        </description>
      </methodStep>
      <sampling>
        <studyExtent>
          <description>
            <para>NA</para>
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        <samplingDescription>
          <para>NA</para>
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    </methods>
    <project>
      <title>Cetacean and sea turtle sightings in Gabon</title>
      <personnel>
        <individualName>
          <givenName>Marijke</givenName>
          <surName>de Boer</surName>
        </individualName>
        <role>owner</role>
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      <funding>
        <para>NA</para>
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      <designDescription>
        <description>
          <para/>
        </description>
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    <shortName>zd_2019</shortName>
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      <gbif>
        <dateStamp>2025-09-11T15:45:48-04:00</dateStamp>
        <hierarchyLevel>dataset</hierarchyLevel>
        <citation identifier="https://doi.org/10.82144/cd202abe">de Boer, M. 2019. Cetacean and sea turtle sightings in Gabon. Version 1.0.0. Dataset published in OBIS-SEAMAP. https://doi.org/10.82144/cd202abe.</citation>
        <bibliography>
          <citation identifier="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315410001165">de Boer, M.N. 2010. Cetacean distribution and relative abundance in offshore Gabonese waters. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom90(8): 1613-1621. </citation>
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