<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE xml>
<metadata xml:lang="en">
<idinfo>
	<citation>
		<citeinfo><origin>Mallette S. and Barco, S.</origin><pubdate>2017</pubdate><title>Aerial Survey Baseline Monitoring in the Continental Shelf Region of the VACAPES OPAREA: January - February 2017</title><serinfo><sername>Data downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP (https://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/2212)</sername></serinfo></citeinfo>
	</citation><descript>
	<abstract>The Virginia Aquarium &amp; Marine Science Center Foundation, Inc. (VAQF) is tasked to conduct aerial surveys for the continental shelf region off the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay within the Virginia Capes Operating Area (VACAPES OPAREA) to provide marine species monitoring services. In 2007, a multi-institutional project utilizing multiple platforms (i.e., aerial, vessel, and passive acoustic monitoring) aimed at protected species monitoring off the East Coast of the United States commenced. The current survey will complement existing United States (U.S.) Navy marine species monitoring efforts (Aerial Survey Baseline Monitoring- Atlantic Fleet Training and Testing) and supports environmental planning and regulatory compliance along the East Coast of the United States.&#13;
&#13;
This project represents the first year of U.S. Department of the Navy-funded aerial survey efforts off Virginia Beach, Virginia. These surveys build upon previous survey efforts funded by Virginia Coastal Zone Management (CZM) Program to document large whale occurrence in the vicinity of the Virginia Wind Energy Area (VA WEA) and contribute to regional mid-Atlantic ocean planning efforts. VAQF in collaboration with University of North Carolina Wilmington (UNCW) conducted line-transect aerial surveys from 2012 through 2017, although surveys were not flown every month or with consistent effort between years (Mallette et al. 2014, 2016). The goal of the current aerial survey project is to complement existing monitoring projects and contribute baseline protected species occurrence data, including species distribution; abundance; density estimates; and seasonal habitat usage.&#13;
&#13;
The survey site includes an approximately 6,500-square-kilometer area off the coast of Virginia extending from the southern portion of the eastern shore of Virginia to the North Carolina/Virginia state border. The aerial survey design was established based upon advisements from the Centre for Research into Ecological and Environmental Modeling (CREEM) at the University of St. Andrews and objectives identified by the U.S. Navy. VAQF conducted fixed-wing aerial line-transect surveys, using previously established distance-sampling protocols, to document the occurrence of marine mammals and sea turtles. VAQF worked closely with the UNCW to maintain consistency among the safety, flight, and data-reporting protocols for Hatteras/Onslow/JAX baseline monitoring projects (McAlarney et al. 2013, 2015). The current report describes monitoring activities that occurred between January 2017 and June 2017.&#13;
&#13;
Between the months of January and June 2017, 12 sightings of 14 humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) were recorded within the "VAQ on-shelf" survey area off the coast of Virginia. No other baleen whale species were recorded during the NAVFAC funded "VAQ on-shelf" aerial surveys during this period. &#13;
&#13;
Sightings of whales were documented over four survey days between January and June 2017: 11 January (5 sightings of 5 whales), 12 January (3 sightings of 3 whales), 21 February (1 sighting of 2 whales) and 24 February (3 sightings of 4 whales).</abstract><purpose>n/a</purpose><supplinf>This data was created and submitted to the U.S. Department of the Navy on aerial surveys conducted along the continental shelf off the coast of Virginia Beach, Virginia, from January to June 2017. To build upon the existing dataset in the proximity of the VA WEA, previously established transect lines were modified based upon recommendations from CREEM and discussions with UNCW and the Navy to manage overlap between the coastal (VAQF) and Norfolk Canyon Survey Area offshore (UNCW) survey areas.&#13;
&#13;
Static map of effort (tracklines) are visible on the OBIS-SEAMAP web site but not included in the download.</supplinf></descript><timeperd><timeinfo><rngdates><begdate>20170111</begdate><enddate>20170622</enddate></rngdates></timeinfo><current>ground condition</current></timeperd><status><progress>Complete</progress><update>None planned</update></status><spdom><descgeog>North Atlantic</descgeog><bounding><westbc>-76.042144</westbc><eastbc>-75.04602</eastbc><northbc>37.329238</northbc><southbc>36.54447</southbc></bounding>
	</spdom><keywords><theme><themekt>None</themekt><themekey>VACAPES Aerial</themekey><themekey>Marine Animal Survey</themekey><themekey>Marine Biology</themekey><themekey>Marine mammals</themekey><themekey>Visual Sighting</themekey><themekey>Aircraft</themekey></theme><place><placekt>None</placekt><placekey>North Atlantic</placekey><placekey>Virginia</placekey></place></keywords><taxonomy><keywtax><taxonkt>Taxon covered</taxonkt><taxonkey>Marine mammals</taxonkey><taxonkey>Sea turtles</taxonkey><taxonkey>Rays and sharks</taxonkey></keywtax><taxonsys><classsys><classcit><citeinfo><origin>Integrated Taxonomic Information System</origin><pubdate>Unknown</pubdate><title>Integrated Taxonomic Information System</title><geoform>Not applicable</geoform><othercit>Downloaded April, 2004</othercit><onlink>http://www.itis.usda.gov/</onlink></citeinfo></classcit></classsys><ider><cntinfo><cntperp><cntper>Refer to the contact information of the dataset</cntper><cntorg>Refer to the contact information of the dataset</cntorg></cntperp><cntaddr><addrtype>mailing and physical address</addrtype><address>Refer to the contact information of the dataset</address><city>Refer to the contact information of the dataset</city><state>Refer to the contact information of the dataset</state><postal>Refer to the contact information of the dataset</postal><country>Refer to the contact information of the dataset</country></cntaddr><cntvoice>Not provided</cntvoice></cntinfo></ider><taxonpro>Identified by observers or researchers conducting the survey</taxonpro></taxonsys><taxoncl><taxonrn>Kingdom</taxonrn><taxonrv>Animalia</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Phylum</taxonrn><taxonrv>Chordata</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Subphylum</taxonrn><taxonrv>Vertebrata</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Class</taxonrn><taxonrv>Reptilia</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Order</taxonrn><taxonrv>Testudines</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Suborder</taxonrn><taxonrv>Cryptodira</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Superfamily</taxonrn><taxonrv>Chelonioidea</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Family</taxonrn><taxonrv>Cheloniidae</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Subfamily</taxonrn><taxonrv>Carettinae</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn><taxonrv>Caretta</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Species</taxonrn><taxonrv>Caretta caretta</taxonrv></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl><taxoncl><taxonrn>Family</taxonrn><taxonrv>Dermochelyidae</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn><taxonrv>Dermochelys</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Species</taxonrn><taxonrv>Dermochelys coriacea</taxonrv></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl><taxoncl><taxonrn>Class</taxonrn><taxonrv>Mammalia</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Subclass</taxonrn><taxonrv>Theria</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Infraclass</taxonrn><taxonrv>Eutheria</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Order</taxonrn><taxonrv>Cetacea</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Suborder</taxonrn><taxonrv>Odontoceti</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Family</taxonrn><taxonrv>Delphinidae</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn><taxonrv>Delphinus</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Species</taxonrn><taxonrv>Delphinus delphis</taxonrv></taxoncl></taxoncl><taxoncl><taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn><taxonrv>Tursiops</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Species</taxonrn><taxonrv>Tursiops truncatus</taxonrv></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl><taxoncl><taxonrn>Suborder</taxonrn><taxonrv>Mysticeti</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Family</taxonrn><taxonrv>Balaenopteridae</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn><taxonrv>Megaptera</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Species</taxonrn><taxonrv>Megaptera novaeangliae</taxonrv></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl><taxoncl><taxonrn>Class</taxonrn><taxonrv>Chondrichthyes</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Subclass</taxonrn><taxonrv>Elasmobranchii</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Superorder</taxonrn><taxonrv>Euselachii</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Order</taxonrn><taxonrv>Myliobatiformes</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Family</taxonrn><taxonrv>Mobulidae</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn><taxonrv>Manta</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Species</taxonrn><taxonrv>Manta birostris</taxonrv></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl><taxoncl><taxonrn>Family</taxonrn><taxonrv>Rhinopteridae</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn><taxonrv>Rhinoptera</taxonrv><taxoncl><taxonrn>Species</taxonrn><taxonrv>Rhinoptera bonasus</taxonrv></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxonomy>
	<accconst>Open public unless otherwise noted. See Use Constraints for details.</accconst>
	<useconst>1. Not to use data obtained from OBIS-SEAMAP in any publication, product, or commercial application without proper attribution to the original &#13;
data provider(s) and OBIS-SEAMAP unless the datasets are explicitly shown under the CC0 policy. Citations or credits are suggested as &#13;
attribution. If the data you downloaded come from multiple datasets, a citation or credit to each of the datasets is required.&#13;
&#13;
Suggested citation for this dataset:&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Suggested citation for OBIS-SEAMAP:&#13;
&#13;
Halpin, P.N., A.J. Read, E. Fujioka, B.D. Best, B. Donnelly, L.J. Hazen, C. Kot, K. Urian, E. LaBrecque, A. Dimatteo, J. Cleary, C. Good, L.B. Crowder, &#13;
and K.D. Hyrenbach. 2009. OBIS-SEAMAP: The world data center for marine mammal, sea bird, and sea turtle distributions. Oceanography &#13;
22(2):104-115&#13;
&#13;
2. To forward the citation of any publication / report that made use of the data / tools provided by OBIS-SEAMAP for inclusion in our list of &#13;
references.&#13;
&#13;
3. Not to hold OBIS-SEAMAP or the original data providers liable for errors in the data. While we have made every effort to ensure the quality of &#13;
the database, we cannot guarantee the accuracy of these datasets. &#13;
&#13;
4. The burden for determining fitness for use of the downloaded data for any analyses lies entirely with the user. OBIS-SEAMAP or the original &#13;
data providers do not support outcomes of your analyses that used the data you downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP.&#13;
&#13;
5. To consider inclusion of the accompanying transect (effort) dataset if available into the methodology of your analyses.&#13;
&#13;
6. Not to redistribute the data you downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP through any media without contect from OBIS-SEAMAP and the original data &#13;
providers unless the datasets are explicitly shown under the CC0 policy.</useconst>
	<ptcontac>
		<cntinfo>
			<cntperp><cntper>Sarah Mallette; Jackie Bort Thornton</cntper><cntorg>n/a; Naval Facilities Engineering Command Atlantic</cntorg></cntperp>
			<cntaddr>
				<addrtype>mailing and physical address</addrtype>
			<address>n/a; 6506 Hampton Blvd</address><city>Virginia Beach ; Norfolk</city><state>VA/NC; VA</state><postal>23451; 23508</postal><country>n/a; USA</country></cntaddr>
		<cntvoice>757-385-6484; 757-322-4769</cntvoice><cntemail>sarahmallette@yahoo.com; jacqueline.bort@navy.mil</cntemail></cntinfo>
	</ptcontac><datacred>Virginia Aquarium &amp; Marine Science Foundation</datacred>
	<native>Relational database</native>
	<crossref><citeinfo><origin>Mallette S. and Barco, S.</origin><pubdate>2017</pubdate><title>Aerial Survey Baseline Monitoring in the Continental Shelf Region of the VACAPES OPAREA: January - February 2017</title><geoform>vector digital data</geoform><serinfo><sername>Data downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP (https://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/2212)</sername></serinfo></citeinfo></crossref><crossref><citeinfo><origin>Bort Thornton, J. and S. Mallette</origin><pubdate>2022</pubdate><title>Aerial Survey Baseline Monitoring in the Continental Shelf Region of the VACAPES OPAREA: January - February 2017</title><edition>Version 1.0.0</edition><geoform>vector digital data</geoform><serinfo><sername>OBIS-SEAMAP</sername><issue>2212</issue></serinfo><pubinfo><pubplace>https://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/2212</pubplace><publish>OBIS-SEAMAP</publish></pubinfo><onlink>https://doi.org/10.82144/a8dfd47f</onlink></citeinfo></crossref><crossref><citeinfo><origin>Halpin, P.N., A.J. Read, E. Fujioka, B.D. Best, B. Donnelly, L.J. Hazen, C. Kot, K. Urian, E. LaBrecque, A. Dimatteo, J. Cleary, C. Good, L.B. Crowder, and K.D. Hyrenbach</origin><pubdate>2009</pubdate><title>OBIS-SEAMAP: The world data center for marine mammal, sea bird, and sea turtle distributions</title><serinfo><sername>Oceanography</sername><issue>22(2):104-115</issue></serinfo></citeinfo></crossref></idinfo>
	<dataqual>
		<attracc>
			<attraccr>All attributes were measured and recorded during the survey and validated by the data provider.</attraccr></attracc>
		<logic>Permissible values for date and time and coordinates were validated by the data provider and the OBIS-SEAMAP data manager. &#13;
Species identification by the data provider was matched with Integrated Taxonomic Information System.</logic>
		<complete>All observation records are included.</complete><lineage><procstep><procdesc>Data were put through the OBIS-SEAMAP data registration steps.</procdesc><procdate>20220930</procdate></procstep></lineage></dataqual><spdoinfo><direct>Point</direct></spdoinfo><spref><horizsys><geograph>
				<latres>1e-06</latres><longres>1e-06</longres><geogunit>Decimal degrees</geogunit></geograph>
			<geodetic><horizdn>D_WGS_1984</horizdn><ellips>WGS_1984</ellips>
				<semiaxis>6378137.000000</semiaxis><denflat>298.257224</denflat></geodetic></horizsys></spref>

<eainfo><detailed><enttyp><enttypl>Biogeographic data</enttypl><enttypd>Biogeographic data</enttypd><enttypds>Not applicable</enttypds></enttyp><attr><attrlabl>oid</attrlabl><attrdef>Unique ID number (generated by OBIS-SEAMAP)</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>Unique ID number (generated by OBIS-SEAMAP)</udom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>date</attrlabl><attrdef>Date of the sighting</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><rdom><rdommin>2017-01-11</rdommin><rdommax>2017-06-22</rdommax></rdom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>time</attrlabl><attrdef>Time of the sighting at local time zone</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><rdom><rdommin>09:12:45</rdommin><rdommax>16:52:19</rdommax></rdom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>way_point</attrlabl><attrdef>Way point</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><rdom><rdommin>2</rdommin><rdommax>236</rdommax></rdom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>latitude</attrlabl><attrdef>Latitude in decimal degrees</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><rdom><rdommin>36.5444700</rdommin><rdommax>37.3292380</rdommax></rdom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>longitude</attrlabl><attrdef>Longitude in decimal degrees</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><rdom><rdommin>-76.0421440</rdommin><rdommax>-75.0460200</rdommax></rdom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>event</attrlabl><attrdef>On or off event</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>On or off event</udom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>heading</attrlabl><attrdef>Heading</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>Heading</udom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>track_number</attrlabl><attrdef>Track number</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>Track number</udom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>observer</attrlabl><attrdef>Observer</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>Observer</udom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>vizability</attrlabl><attrdef>Visibility</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><rdom><rdommin>1</rdommin><rdommax>3</rdommax></rdom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>bss</attrlabl><attrdef>Baufort Sea State</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><rdom><rdommin>1</rdommin><rdommax>4</rdommax></rdom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>cloud</attrlabl><attrdef>Cloud cover</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv/></attr><attr><attrlabl>glare_l</attrlabl><attrdef>Glare at the left side</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>Glare at the left side</udom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>glare_r</attrlabl><attrdef>Glare at the right side</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>Glare at the right side</udom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>angle_out</attrlabl><attrdef>Angle out</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><rdom><rdommin>0</rdommin><rdommax>4</rdommax></rdom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>degree_forward</attrlabl><attrdef>Degree forward</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><rdom><rdommin>15</rdommin><rdommax>150</rdommax></rdom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>sighting_cue</attrlabl><attrdef>Sighting cue</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><rdom><rdommin>1</rdommin><rdommax>3</rdommax></rdom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>species</attrlabl><attrdef>Scientific name</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>Scientific name</udom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>sp_tsn</attrlabl><attrdef>Taxonomic Serial Number added by OBIS-SEAMAP</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><rdom><rdommin>159785</rdommin><rdommax>948946</rdommax></rdom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>reliability</attrlabl><attrdef>Reliability</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><rdom><rdommin>1</rdommin><rdommax>2</rdommax></rdom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>min_count</attrlabl><attrdef>Minimum count</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><rdom><rdommin>1</rdommin><rdommax>100</rdommax></rdom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>max_count</attrlabl><attrdef>Maximum count</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><rdom><rdommin>1</rdommin><rdommax>200</rdommax></rdom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>best_count</attrlabl><attrdef>Best Count</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><rdom><rdommin>1</rdommin><rdommax>150</rdommax></rdom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>comments</attrlabl><attrdef>Comments</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>Comments</udom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>sighting_distance</attrlabl><attrdef>Sighting distance</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>Sighting distance</udom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>geom</attrlabl><attrdef>Geometry field added by OBIS-SEAMAP</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>Geometry field added by OBIS-SEAMAP</udom></attrdomv></attr></detailed><overview><eaover>This section explains attributes included in the original dataset.&#13;
OBIS-SEAMAP restricts the attributes available to the public to date/time, lat/lon and species names/counts only.&#13;
Should you need other attributes described here, you are encouraged to contact the data provider.</eaover><eadetcit>Virginia Aquarium &amp; Marine Science Foundation</eadetcit></overview>
	</eainfo><distinfo>
	<distrib>
		<cntinfo>
			<cntorgp>
				<cntorg>Nicholas School of Environment, Duke Univ.</cntorg>
				<cntper>OBIS-SEAMAP</cntper>
			</cntorgp>
			<cntaddr>
				<addrtype>mailing and physical address</addrtype>
				<address>A328, LSRC</address><city>Durham</city><state>NC</state><postal>27708</postal><country>USA</country>
			</cntaddr>
			<cntvoice>919-613-8021</cntvoice>
			<cntemail>seamap-contact@duke.edu</cntemail>
		</cntinfo>
	</distrib><resdesc>OBIS-SEAMAP Dataset ID 2212</resdesc><distliab>Not to hold OBIS-SEAMAP liable for errors in the data. While we have made every effort to ensure the quality of the database, we cannot guarantee &#13;
the accuracy of these datasets.&#13;
Also please refer to Use Constraints.</distliab>
	<stdorder>
		<digform>
			<digtinfo>
				<formname>CSV and ESRI shapefile</formname></digtinfo>
			<digtopt>
				<onlinopt>
					<computer>
						<networka>
							<networkr>OBIS-SEAMAP</networkr>
						</networka>
					</computer>
				</onlinopt>
			</digtopt>
		</digform>
		<fees>Free</fees>
		<ordering>Go to the OBIS-SEAMAP web site.</ordering>
	</stdorder>
	

	
</distinfo><metainfo>
	<metd>20250911</metd><metrd>20250911</metrd><metc>
		<cntinfo><cntperp>
	<cntper>Ei Fujioka</cntper>
	<cntorg>Nicholas School, Duke University</cntorg></cntperp><cntaddr><addrtype>mailing and physical address</addrtype><address>A328, LSRC</address><city>Durham</city><state>NC</state><postal>27708</postal><country>USA</country></cntaddr>
			<cntvoice>919-613-8021</cntvoice>
			<cntemail>seamap-contact@duke.edu</cntemail>
			</cntinfo>
	</metc><metstdn>FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata</metstdn><metstdv>FGDC-STD-001-1998</metstdv><mettc>local time</mettc>
	
	
	
	
	<metextns><onlink>http://www.nbii.gov/</onlink><metprof>Biological Data Profile</metprof></metextns>
	
	</metainfo>
	
</metadata>
