Stenhouse IJ, Ferguson MC, Gilbert AT, Adams EM, McElroy ME & Williams KA. (in review)2025U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Sterling, VAOCS Study BOEM 20xx-xxx,78 ppIN REVIEW In April 2023, the Biodiversity Research Institute (BRI) commissioned HiDef Aerial Surveying Limited (HiDef) to conduct high-resolution digital video aerial surveys in the Gulf of Maine. The surveys aimed to record marine megafauna, seabirds, and human activity. The designated survey area is approximately 5 km off the coast of Maine A total of four surveys were conducted between May 2023 and January 2024. HiDef designed the survey using 2.5 km- and 5 km-spaced transects across the Gulf of Maine survey area, covering approximately 6,673 km². Surveys were undertaken using an aircraft equipped with four HiDef cameras with a sensor package designed and calibrated to achieve a resolution of 1.5cm Ground Sample Distance (GSD). Each camera sampled a strip of ~ 104m width, separated from the next camera by ~ 17m, to provide a combined sampled width of 416m within a 467m overall strip. All four cameras were analyzed, achieving approximately 10% coverage of the survey area during each flight. Data analysis followed a two-stage process in which video footage was reviewed (with a 20% random sample used for audit) and detected objects were identified to species or species group level (again with 20% selected at random for audit). The audit of both stages requires 90% agreement to be achieved. The surveys recorded a total of 7,248 birds of 33 species and 534 non-avian animals of 12 species, in addition to two dead birds. A further 409 birds and 58 non-avian animals were recorded which were not assigned to a species. An identification rate to species level of 94% was achieved throughout the survey period.In April 2023, the Biodiversity Research Institute (BRI) commissioned HiDef Aerial Surveying Limited (HiDef) to conduct high-resolution digital video aerial surveys in the Gulf of Maine. The surveys aimed to record marine megafauna, seabirds, and human activity. The designated survey area is approximately 5 km off the coast of Maine A total of four surveys were conducted between May 2023 and January 2024. HiDef designed the survey using 2.5 km- and 5 km-spaced transects across the Gulf of Maine survey area, covering approximately 6,673 km².Survey effort (points) is included in the download. 2023050520240104ground condition CompleteNone planned North Atlantic Ocean-69.821255-68.75855243.83089142.930232 NoneMarine Animal SurveyMarine BiologySeabirdsMarine mammalsSea turtlesFishDigital SightingAircraftNoneNorth Atlantic OceanTaxon coveredMarine mammalsseabirdsSea turtlesRays and sharksIntegrated Taxonomic Information SystemUnknownNot applicableDownloaded April, 2004http://www.itis.usda.gov/Refer to the contact information of the datasetRefer to the contact information of the datasetmailing and physical address

Refer to the contact information of the dataset

Refer to the contact information of the datasetRefer to the contact information of the datasetRefer to the contact information of the datasetRefer to the contact information of the datasetNot providedIdentified by observers or researchers conducting the surveyKingdomAnimaliaPhylumChordataSubphylumVertebrataClassAvesOrderCharadriiformesFamilyAlcidaeGenusAlleSpeciesAlle alleGenusFraterculaSpeciesFratercula arcticaFamilyLaridaeGenusChlidoniasSpeciesChlidonias nigerGenusChroicocephalusSpeciesChroicocephalus philadelphiaGenusLarusSpeciesLarus argentatusSpeciesLarus delawarensisSpeciesLarus fuscusSpeciesLarus glaucoidesGenusLeucophaeusSpeciesLeucophaeus atricillaGenusRissaSpeciesRissa tridactylaGenusSternaSpeciesSterna paradisaeaFamilyStercorariidaeGenusStercorariusSpeciesStercorarius parasiticusOrderProcellariiformesFamilyProcellariidaeGenusFulmarusSpeciesFulmarus glacialisGenusPuffinusSpeciesPuffinus gravisSpeciesPuffinus puffinusFamilyHydrobatidaeGenusHydrobatesSpeciesHydrobates leucorhousSubfamilyOceanitinaeGenusOceanitesSpeciesOceanites oceanicusOrderAnseriformesFamilyAnatidaeSubfamilyAnatinaeGenusMelanittaSpeciesMelanitta nigraSpeciesMelanitta perspicillataOrderSuliformesFamilySulidaeGenusMorusSpeciesMorus bassanusFamilyPhalacrocoracidaeGenusPhalacrocoraxSpeciesPhalacrocorax auritusClassMammaliaSubclassTheriaInfraclassEutheriaOrderCetaceaSuborderMysticetiFamilyBalaenopteridaeGenusBalaenopteraSpeciesBalaenoptera acutorostrataSpeciesBalaenoptera physalusSuborderOdontocetiFamilyDelphinidaeGenusDelphinusSpeciesDelphinus delphisGenusLagenorhynchusSpeciesLagenorhynchus acutusFamilyPhocoenidaeGenusPhocoenaSpeciesPhocoena phocoenaOrderCarnivoraSuborderCaniformiaFamilyPhocidaeGenusHalichoerusSpeciesHalichoerus grypusGenusPhocaSpeciesPhoca vitulinaFamilyOtariidaeClassChondrichthyesSubclassElasmobranchiiSuperorderEuselachiiOrderLamniformesFamilyLamnidaeGenusCarcharodonSpeciesCarcharodon carchariasFamilyCetorhinidaeGenusCetorhinusSpeciesCetorhinus maximusOrderCarcharhiniformesFamilyCarcharhinidaeGenusPrionaceSpeciesPrionace glaucaClassReptiliaOrderTestudinesSuborderCryptodiraSuperfamilyChelonioideaFamilyDermochelyidaeGenusDermochelysSpeciesDermochelys coriacea Users must credit dataset contributors. Data is for scientific and regulatory use and should not be modified without consultation. 1. Not to use data obtained from OBIS-SEAMAP in any publication, product, or commercial application without proper attribution to the original data provider(s) and OBIS-SEAMAP unless the datasets are explicitly shown under the CC0 policy. Citations or credits are suggested as attribution. If the data you downloaded come from multiple datasets, a citation or credit to each of the datasets is required. Suggested citation for this dataset: Suggested citation for OBIS-SEAMAP: Halpin, P.N., A.J. Read, E. Fujioka, B.D. Best, B. Donnelly, L.J. Hazen, C. Kot, K. Urian, E. LaBrecque, A. Dimatteo, J. Cleary, C. Good, L.B. Crowder, and K.D. Hyrenbach. 2009. OBIS-SEAMAP: The world data center for marine mammal, sea bird, and sea turtle distributions. Oceanography 22(2):104-115 2. To forward the citation of any publication / report that made use of the data / tools provided by OBIS-SEAMAP for inclusion in our list of references. 3. Not to hold OBIS-SEAMAP or the original data providers liable for errors in the data. While we have made every effort to ensure the quality of the database, we cannot guarantee the accuracy of these datasets. 4. The burden for determining fitness for use of the downloaded data for any analyses lies entirely with the user. OBIS-SEAMAP or the original data providers do not support outcomes of your analyses that used the data you downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP. 5. To consider inclusion of the accompanying transect (effort) dataset if available into the methodology of your analyses. 6. Not to redistribute the data you downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP through any media without contect from OBIS-SEAMAP and the original data providers unless the datasets are explicitly shown under the CC0 policy. Andrew GilbertBiodiversity Research Institute mailing and physical address

276 Canco Rd.

PortlandME04103United States 207-839-7600andrew.gilbert@briwildlife.org Biodiversity Research Institute HiDef Aerial Surveying Limited Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Relational database Stenhouse IJ, Ferguson MC, Gilbert AT, Adams EM, McElroy ME & Williams KA. (in review)2025vector digital dataU.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Sterling, VAOCS Study BOEM 20xx-xxx,78 ppIN REVIEWFerguson MC, EM Adams, ME McElroy, IJ Stenhouse, AT Gilbert, AJ Winship & KA Williams (in prep)2025vector digital dataIN PREPGilbert, A2025Version 1.0.0vector digital dataOBIS-SEAMAP2316https://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/2316OBIS-SEAMAPhttps://doi.org/10.82144/f863df46Halpin, P.N., A.J. Read, E. Fujioka, B.D. Best, B. Donnelly, L.J. Hazen, C. Kot, K. Urian, E. LaBrecque, A. Dimatteo, J. Cleary, C. Good, L.B. Crowder, and K.D. Hyrenbach2009Oceanography22(2):104-115 All attributes were measured and recorded during the survey and validated by the data provider. Permissible values for date and time and coordinates were validated by the data provider and the OBIS-SEAMAP data manager. Species identification by the data provider was matched with Integrated Taxonomic Information System. All observation records are included.Data were put through the OBIS-SEAMAP data registration steps.20260428Point 1e-061e-06Decimal degrees D_WGS_1984WGS_1984 6378137.000000298.257224 Biogeographic dataBiogeographic dataNot applicableoidUnique ID number (generated by OBIS-SEAMAP)Data provider18251data_ownerOwner of the dataData providerOwner of the datasurveySurvey identifierData providerSurvey identifiersurvey_dateDate of surveyData provider2023-05-052024-01-04cameraThe camera ID (1-4)Data provider14cam___gsrImage ground spatial resolution in cm.Data providerImage ground spatial resolution in cm.reel_refVideo segment identifier.Data providerVideo segment identifier.timeTime of observationData providerTime of observationframe_refFrame number in video file the object was observed.Data providerFrame number in video file the object was observed.broad_categoryBroad category of observed object or location.Data providerBroad category of observed object or location.species_groupOrganism species groupData providerOrganism species groupgroup_confidenceConfidence in group identification (possible, probable, definite).Data providerConfidence in group identification (possible, probable, definite).speciesSpecies identification.Data providerSpecies identification.species_confidenceConfidence in speciesidentification (possible, probable, definite).Data providerConfidence in speciesidentification (possible, probable, definite).bto_codeAbbreviated species codeData providerAbbreviated species codesp_tsnITIS Taxonomic Serial Number added by OBIS-SEAMAPData providerTaxonomic Serial NumberIntegrated Taxonomic Information Systemobs_countNumber of animal added by OBIS-SEAMAP (always 1)Data providerNumber of animal added by OBIS-SEAMAP (always 1)behaviourAnimal behavior observed in imagery.Data providerAnimal behavior observed in imagery.submergedWhether the animal was observed below the water surface or at the surface. For marine mammals, surfacing behavior was classified into four categories: Surfacing - Any part of the animal visible above the water surface. Surfacing at red line (snapshot surfacing) - The dorsal fin breaking the surface at the frame nearest to theData providerWhether the animal was observed below the water surface or at the surface. For marine mammals, surfacing behavior was classified into four categories: Surfacing - Any part of the animal visible above the water surface. Surfacing at red line (snapshot surfacing) - The dorsal fin breaking the surface at the frame nearest to theageAge of animal.Data providerAge of animal.sexSex of animal.Data providerSex of animal.measurementsLength measurements of animal for ID purposes.Data providerLength measurements of animal for ID purposes.additional_commentsAncillary comments.Data providerAncillary comments.latitudeCalculated latitude of object or point based on position of cameras.Data provider42.930232043.8308910longitudeCalculated longitude of object or point based on position of cameras.Data provider-69.8212550-68.7585520strip_width__m_Width of effort (meters) at that location.Data providerWidth of effort (meters) at that location.seastateBeaufort sea state estimated by the imagery.Data provider15turbidityTurbidity category (1-4).Data provider14air_clarityAir clarity category (1-4).Data provider14cam1___gsrImage ground spatial resolution in cm for camera 1.Data providerImage ground spatial resolution in cm for camera 1.cam1___validValidity of data on camera 1. Is the quality of the image good enough for use in final data.Data providerValidity of data on camera 1. Is the quality of the image good enough for use in final data.cam1___glareGlare estimate value for camera image.Data provider1.003.00cam2___gsrImage ground spatial resolution in cm for camera 2.Data providerImage ground spatial resolution in cm for camera 2.cam2___validValidity of data on camera 2. Is the quality of the image good enough for use in final data.Data providerValidity of data on camera 2. Is the quality of the image good enough for use in final data.cam2___glareGlare estimate value for camera image.Data provider1.003.00cam3___gsrImage ground spatial resolution in cm for camera 3.Data providerImage ground spatial resolution in cm for camera 3.cam3___validValidity of data on camera 3. Is the quality of the image good enough for use in final data.Data providerValidity of data on camera 3. Is the quality of the image good enough for use in final data.cam3___glareGlare estimate value for camera image.Data provider1.003.00cam4___gsrImage ground spatial resolution in cm for camera 4.Data providerImage ground spatial resolution in cm for camera 4.cam4___validValidity of data on camera 4. Is the quality of the image good enough for use in final data.Data providerValidity of data on camera 4. Is the quality of the image good enough for use in final data.cam4___glareGlare estimate value for camera image.Data provider1.002.50center_of_effort_latitudeGPS latitude for camera image center.Data provider42.93000012043.831318030center_of_effort_longitudeGPS longitude for camera image center.Data provider-69.820783160-68.759688330geomGeometry field added by OBIS-SEAMAPData providerGeometry field added by OBIS-SEAMAPThis section explains attributes included in the original dataset. The availability of the attributes depends on the share policy. When "Minimum attributes" is selected, only date/time, lat/lon, species identification and group size are available. Should you need other attributes described here, you are encouraged to contact the data provider. When "All attributes" is selected, all attributes are available in download.Biodiversity Research Institute Nicholas School of Environment, Duke Univ. OBIS-SEAMAP mailing and physical address

A328, LSRC

DurhamNC27708USA 919-613-8021 seamap-contact@duke.edu OBIS-SEAMAP Dataset ID 2316Not to hold OBIS-SEAMAP liable for errors in the data. While we have made every effort to ensure the quality of the database, we cannot guarantee the accuracy of these datasets. Also please refer to Use Constraints. CSV and ESRI shapefile OBIS-SEAMAP Free Go to the OBIS-SEAMAP web site. 2026042820260428 Ei Fujioka Nicholas School, Duke Universitymailing and physical address

A328, LSRC

DurhamNC27708USA 919-613-8021 seamap-contact@duke.edu FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial MetadataFGDC-STD-001-1998local time http://www.nbii.gov/Biological Data Profile