<?xml version="1.0"?>
<eml:eml xmlns:eml="eml://ecoinformatics.org/eml-2.1.1" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="eml://ecoinformatics.org/eml-2.1.1 http://rs.gbif.org/schema/eml-gbif-profile/1.2/eml.xsd" packageId="obis-seamap.332.1.0.0" system="http://seamap.env.duke.edu" scope="system" xml:lang="eng">
  <dataset>
    <alternateIdentifier>https://doi.org/10.82144/bc7262b3</alternateIdentifier>
    <alternateIdentifier>https://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/332</alternateIdentifier>
    <alternateIdentifier>https://www.gbif.org/dataset/90aebd4e-9353-48de-b009-fd76bce2926d</alternateIdentifier>
    <alternateIdentifier>https://obis.org/dataset/a8c6fd8c-4b26-4203-8ff7-8d3b7af1b499</alternateIdentifier>
    <title xml:lang="eng">Sargasso 2005 - cetacean sightings</title>
    <creator>
      <individualName>
        <givenName>David</givenName>
        <surName>Hyrenbach</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>Duke University Marine Laboratory</organizationName>
      <positionName>Primary contact</positionName>
      <electronicMailAddress>khyrenba@u.washington.edu</electronicMailAddress>
      <onlineUrl>http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/hyrenbach.html</onlineUrl>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <individualName>
        <givenName>Hal </givenName>
        <surName>Whitehead</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>Dalhousie University</organizationName>
      <positionName>Primary contact</positionName>
      <electronicMailAddress>hwhitehe@dal.ca</electronicMailAddress>
      <onlineUrl>http://whitelab.biology.dal.ca</onlineUrl>
    </creator>
    <metadataProvider>
      <individualName>
        <surName>OBIS-SEAMAP</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>Marine Geospatial Ecology Lab, Duke University</organizationName>
      <positionName/>
      <address>
        <deliveryPoint>A328 LSRC building</deliveryPoint>
        <city>Durham</city>
        <administrativeArea>NC</administrativeArea>
        <postalCode>27708</postalCode>
        <country>US</country>
      </address>
      <electronicMailAddress>seamap-contact@duke.edu</electronicMailAddress>
      <onlineUrl>https://seamap.env.duke.edu</onlineUrl>
    </metadataProvider>
    <associatedParty>
      <individualName>
        <surName>OBIS-SEAMAP</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>Marine Geospatial Ecology Lab, Duke University</organizationName>
      <positionName/>
      <address>
        <deliveryPoint>A328 LSRC building</deliveryPoint>
        <city>Durham</city>
        <administrativeArea>NC</administrativeArea>
        <postalCode>27708</postalCode>
        <country>US</country>
      </address>
      <electronicMailAddress>seamap-contact@duke.edu</electronicMailAddress>
      <onlineUrl>https://seamap.env.duke.edu</onlineUrl>
      <role>distributor</role>
    </associatedParty>
    <associatedParty>
      <individualName>
        <givenName>David</givenName>
        <surName>Hyrenbach</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>Duke University Marine Laboratory</organizationName>
      <positionName>Primary contact</positionName>
      <electronicMailAddress>khyrenba@u.washington.edu</electronicMailAddress>
      <onlineUrl>http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/hyrenbach.html</onlineUrl>
      <role>owner</role>
    </associatedParty>
    <associatedParty>
      <individualName>
        <givenName>Hal </givenName>
        <surName>Whitehead</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>Dalhousie University</organizationName>
      <positionName>Primary contact</positionName>
      <electronicMailAddress>hwhitehe@dal.ca</electronicMailAddress>
      <onlineUrl>http://whitelab.biology.dal.ca</onlineUrl>
      <role>owner</role>
    </associatedParty>
    <pubDate>2025-07-31</pubDate>
    <language>eng</language>
    <abstract>
      <para>Original provider:
Dalhousie University

Dataset credits:
Hal Whitehead, Department of Biology, Dalhousie University

Abstract:
The Sargasso Sea cruise surveyed marine mammals in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean, during the spring and summer of 2005. This survey onboard the Valiant 40 ocean-going research vessel Balaena, consisted of two survey legs: a sail from the Caribbean to offshore waters north of the Bahamas (April 19  - June 2), and a sail north to Halifax, Nova Scotia. Sperm whales were surveyed using acoustics and visual techniques during both cruise legs by members of the Hal Whitehead laboratory.
</para>
    </abstract>
    <keywordSet>
      <keyword>Occurrence</keyword>
      <keywordThesaurus>GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type.xml</keywordThesaurus>
    </keywordSet>
    <keywordSet>
      <keyword>Observation</keyword>
      <keywordThesaurus>GBIF Dataset Subtype Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_subtype.xml</keywordThesaurus>
    </keywordSet>
    <keywordSet>
      <keyword>Marine Biology</keyword>
      <keyword>Visual sighting</keyword>
      <keyword>Vessels</keyword>
      <keyword>Sightings</keyword>
      <keyword>sperm whales</keyword>
      <keyword>cetaceans</keyword>
      <keyword>Sargasso Sea</keyword>
      <keywordThesaurus>N/A</keywordThesaurus>
    </keywordSet>
    <additionalInfo>
      <!-- Added for IPT2.3 on 2016-02-29. This field should include words "marine, harvested by iOBIS" for IPT -->
      <para>This dataset includes cetacean observations and survey effort.  The survey track was recorded by logging a position every 10 minutes using the vessel's GPS. The cetacean observations includes sightings during surveys (on effort) and during focal follows of sperm whale schools (off effort).

There are two types records for sperm whale, census and encounter. Encounters, which are defined as events where researchers observe whales by sight or acoustic techniques, are denoted 'S' (survey), 'E' (encounter), or 'AE' (acoustic encounter) in the [Enctr_type] field. These records do not have animal counts recorded, and count field for these records is null  in the dataset.

In addition to encounters, this dataset includes sightings during 'census' surveys, which include group size data, as well as information on the radial distance and angle to each sighting. These survey metadata are available from the primary data providers.

Census records have non-zero animal counts as for other species. They are denoted C in [Enctr_type] field.
Note that the [Enctr_type] field is not downloadable by the public, but may be available by request. Please request this data after obtaining permission from the primary data providers.</para>
    </additionalInfo>
    <intellectualRights>
      <!-- Added for IPT2.3 on 2015-11-18 . TextType -->
      <para>This work is licensed under a <ulink url="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode"><citetitle>Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC-BY-NC) 4.0 License</citetitle></ulink>.</para>
    </intellectualRights>
    <distribution scope="document">
      <online>
        <url function="information">https://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/332</url>
      </online>
    </distribution>
    <coverage>
      <geographicCoverage>
        <geographicDescription>Oceans,Sargasso Sea,Nova Scotia</geographicDescription>
        <boundingCoordinates>
          <westBoundingCoordinate>-70.3266667</westBoundingCoordinate>
          <eastBoundingCoordinate>-58.9783333</eastBoundingCoordinate>
          <northBoundingCoordinate>43.935</northBoundingCoordinate>
          <southBoundingCoordinate>16.58</southBoundingCoordinate>
        </boundingCoordinates>
      </geographicCoverage>
      <temporalCoverage>
        <rangeOfDates>
          <beginDate>
            <calendarDate>2005-04-16</calendarDate>
          </beginDate>
          <endDate>
            <calendarDate>2005-06-23</calendarDate>
          </endDate>
        </rangeOfDates>
      </temporalCoverage>
      <taxonomicCoverage>
        <generalTaxonomicCoverage>Scientific names are based on the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).</generalTaxonomicCoverage>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Balaenoptera borealis</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Sei whale</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>order</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Cetacea</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Cetaceans</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>family</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Delphinidae</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Dolphins</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Delphinus delphis</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Short-beaked common dolphin</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Globicephala</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Pilot whales</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Lagenorhynchus acutus</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Atlantic white-sided dolphin</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Megaptera novaeangliae</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Humpback whale</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>suborder</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Mysticeti</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Baleen whales</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Peponocephala electra</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Melon-headed whale</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Physeter macrocephalus</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Sperm whale</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Stenella attenuata</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Pantropical spotted dolphin</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Stenella frontalis</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Atlantic spotted dolphin</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Tursiops truncatus</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Common bottlenose dolphin</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
      </taxonomicCoverage>
    </coverage>
    <purpose>
      <para>The purpose of this cruise was to study the behavior (principally social organization), ecology, and population biology of sperm whales.  This is the second study year, after a similar cruise in the summer of 2004.</para>
    </purpose>
    <!-- Added for IPT2.3 on 2015-11-18 
Available options for maintenanceUpdateFrequency
daily|...|notPlanned|irregular|unknown
-->
    <maintenance>
      <description>
        <para/>
      </description>
      <maintenanceUpdateFrequency>notPlanned</maintenanceUpdateFrequency>
    </maintenance>
    <contact>
      <individualName>
        <givenName>David</givenName>
        <surName>Hyrenbach</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>Duke University Marine Laboratory</organizationName>
      <positionName>Primary contact</positionName>
      <electronicMailAddress>khyrenba@u.washington.edu</electronicMailAddress>
      <onlineUrl>http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/people/faculty/hyrenbach.html</onlineUrl>
    </contact>
    <contact>
      <individualName>
        <givenName>Hal </givenName>
        <surName>Whitehead</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>Dalhousie University</organizationName>
      <positionName>Primary contact</positionName>
      <electronicMailAddress>hwhitehe@dal.ca</electronicMailAddress>
      <onlineUrl>http://whitelab.biology.dal.ca</onlineUrl>
    </contact>
    <methods>
      <methodStep>
        <description>
          <para>NA</para>
        </description>
      </methodStep>
      <sampling>
        <studyExtent>
          <description>
            <para>NA</para>
          </description>
        </studyExtent>
        <samplingDescription>
          <para>NA</para>
        </samplingDescription>
      </sampling>
    </methods>
    <project>
      <title>Sargasso 2005 - cetacean sightings</title>
      <personnel>
        <individualName>
          <givenName>David</givenName>
          <surName>Hyrenbach</surName>
        </individualName>
        <role>owner</role>
      </personnel>
      <personnel>
        <individualName>
          <givenName>Hal </givenName>
          <surName>Whitehead</surName>
        </individualName>
        <role>owner</role>
      </personnel>
      <funding>
        <para>NA</para>
      </funding>
      <studyAreaDescription>
        <descriptor name="generic" citableClassificationSystem="false">
          <descriptorValue/>
        </descriptor>
      </studyAreaDescription>
      <designDescription>
        <description>
          <para/>
        </description>
      </designDescription>
    </project>
    <shortName>zd_332</shortName>
  </dataset>
  <additionalMetadata>
    <metadata>
      <gbif>
        <dateStamp>2025-07-31T14:13:43-04:00</dateStamp>
        <hierarchyLevel>dataset</hierarchyLevel>
        <citation identifier="https://doi.org/10.82144/bc7262b3">Hyrenbach, D. and H. Whitehead. 2013. Sargasso 2005 - cetacean sightings. Version 1.0.0. Dataset published in OBIS-SEAMAP. https://doi.org/10.82144/bc7262b3.</citation>
        <physical>
          <objectName>OBIS-SEAMAP Dataset Page</objectName>
          <characterEncoding>UTF-8</characterEncoding>
          <dataFormat>
            <externallyDefinedFormat>
              <formatName>Interactive map</formatName>
            </externallyDefinedFormat>
          </dataFormat>
          <distribution>
            <online>
              <url function="download">https://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/332</url>
            </online>
          </distribution>
        </physical>
        <physical>
          <objectName>FGDC Metadata</objectName>
          <characterEncoding>UTF-8</characterEncoding>
          <dataFormat>
            <externallyDefinedFormat>
              <formatName>XML</formatName>
            </externallyDefinedFormat>
          </dataFormat>
          <distribution>
            <online>
              <url function="download">https://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/332/fgdc</url>
            </online>
          </distribution>
        </physical>
        <physical>
          <objectName>EML Metadata</objectName>
          <characterEncoding>UTF-8</characterEncoding>
          <dataFormat>
            <externallyDefinedFormat>
              <formatName>XML</formatName>
            </externallyDefinedFormat>
          </dataFormat>
          <distribution>
            <online>
              <url function="download">https://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/332/eml</url>
            </online>
          </distribution>
        </physical>
        <!-- added for STAT on 2016/03/28 -->
        <collection>
          <parentCollectionIdentifier>OBIS-SEAMAP</parentCollectionIdentifier>
          <collectionIdentifier>zd_332</collectionIdentifier>
          <collectionName>zd_332</collectionName>
        </collection>
      </gbif>
    </metadata>
  </additionalMetadata>
</eml:eml>
