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    <alternateIdentifier>https://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/429</alternateIdentifier>
    <alternateIdentifier>https://www.gbif.org/dataset/9b73aa44-609b-44e6-a0fc-2df9eb32cee1</alternateIdentifier>
    <alternateIdentifier>https://obis.org/dataset/6ff78b05-3413-4626-a0d1-d36e75e2b2d3</alternateIdentifier>
    <title xml:lang="eng">Alnitak-Alnilam Cetaceans and sea turtles surveys off Southern Spain</title>
    <creator>
      <individualName>
        <givenName>Ana</givenName>
        <surName>Ca&#xF1;adas</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>Alnilam</organizationName>
      <positionName>Primary contact</positionName>
      <electronicMailAddress>anacanadas@alnilam.com.es</electronicMailAddress>
      <onlineUrl/>
    </creator>
    <metadataProvider>
      <individualName>
        <surName>OBIS-SEAMAP</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>Marine Geospatial Ecology Lab, Duke University</organizationName>
      <positionName/>
      <address>
        <deliveryPoint>A328 LSRC building</deliveryPoint>
        <city>Durham</city>
        <administrativeArea>NC</administrativeArea>
        <postalCode>27708</postalCode>
        <country>US</country>
      </address>
      <electronicMailAddress>seamap-contact@duke.edu</electronicMailAddress>
      <onlineUrl>https://seamap.env.duke.edu</onlineUrl>
    </metadataProvider>
    <associatedParty>
      <individualName>
        <surName>OBIS-SEAMAP</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>Marine Geospatial Ecology Lab, Duke University</organizationName>
      <positionName/>
      <address>
        <deliveryPoint>A328 LSRC building</deliveryPoint>
        <city>Durham</city>
        <administrativeArea>NC</administrativeArea>
        <postalCode>27708</postalCode>
        <country>US</country>
      </address>
      <electronicMailAddress>seamap-contact@duke.edu</electronicMailAddress>
      <onlineUrl>https://seamap.env.duke.edu</onlineUrl>
      <role>distributor</role>
    </associatedParty>
    <associatedParty>
      <individualName>
        <givenName>Ana</givenName>
        <surName>Ca&#xF1;adas</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>Alnilam</organizationName>
      <positionName>Primary contact</positionName>
      <electronicMailAddress>anacanadas@alnilam.com.es</electronicMailAddress>
      <onlineUrl/>
      <role>owner</role>
    </associatedParty>
    <associatedParty>
      <individualName>
        <givenName/>
        <surName>ACCOBAMS and WDCS</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>The Agreement on the Conservation of Cetaceans of the Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea and contiguous Atlantic Area (ACCOBAMS) and Whale and Dolphin Conservation Society (WDCS)</organizationName>
      <positionName/>
      <electronicMailAddress/>
      <onlineUrl>http://www.accobams.org/</onlineUrl>
      <role>originator</role>
    </associatedParty>
    <pubDate>2025-07-31</pubDate>
    <language>eng</language>
    <abstract>
      <para>Original provider:
Alnilam

Dataset credits:
Alnitak
Alnilam
Ana Ca&#xF1;adas
Ricardo Sagarminaga
General Directorate for the Conservation of Nature, the Spanish Ministry for the Environment
LIFE-Nature programs, European Commission
Earthwatch Institute
ONR

Abstract:
This dataset, belonging as a whole to Alnitak, comprises the work carried out in the Alboran Sea and adjacent areas from 1990 to 2006, and it includes 3,712 sightings of cetaceans and 306 sightings of sea turtles, during more than 31,000 nmi (more than 57,000 km) on searching effort.
</para>
    </abstract>
    <keywordSet>
      <keyword>Occurrence</keyword>
      <keywordThesaurus>GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type.xml</keywordThesaurus>
    </keywordSet>
    <keywordSet>
      <keyword>Observation</keyword>
      <keywordThesaurus>GBIF Dataset Subtype Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_subtype.xml</keywordThesaurus>
    </keywordSet>
    <keywordSet>
      <keyword>Marine Biology</keyword>
      <keyword>Visual sighting</keyword>
      <keyword>Vessels</keyword>
      <keyword>Sightings</keyword>
      <keyword>abundance</keyword>
      <keyword>habitat preferences</keyword>
      <keyword>spatial modeling</keyword>
      <keyword>line transect</keyword>
      <keywordThesaurus>N/A</keywordThesaurus>
    </keywordSet>
    <additionalInfo>
      <!-- Added for IPT2.3 on 2016-02-29. This field should include words "marine, harvested by iOBIS" for IPT -->
      <para>Time is in GMT.

Several records do not have time recorded, which indicates the animal was seen far away and no contact was made.</para>
    </additionalInfo>
    <intellectualRights>
      <!-- Added for IPT2.3 on 2015-11-18 . TextType -->
      <para>This work is licensed under a <ulink url="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode"><citetitle>Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC-BY-NC) 4.0 License</citetitle></ulink>.</para>
    </intellectualRights>
    <distribution scope="document">
      <online>
        <url function="information">https://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/429</url>
      </online>
    </distribution>
    <coverage>
      <geographicCoverage>
        <geographicDescription>Oceans,Alboran Sea,Mediterranean Sea,Spain</geographicDescription>
        <boundingCoordinates>
          <westBoundingCoordinate>-6.411333</westBoundingCoordinate>
          <eastBoundingCoordinate>9.066667</eastBoundingCoordinate>
          <northBoundingCoordinate>43.98167</northBoundingCoordinate>
          <southBoundingCoordinate>35.18333</southBoundingCoordinate>
        </boundingCoordinates>
      </geographicCoverage>
      <temporalCoverage>
        <rangeOfDates>
          <beginDate>
            <calendarDate>1990-07-15</calendarDate>
          </beginDate>
          <endDate>
            <calendarDate>2011-08-29</calendarDate>
          </endDate>
        </rangeOfDates>
      </temporalCoverage>
      <taxonomicCoverage>
        <generalTaxonomicCoverage>Scientific names are based on the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).</generalTaxonomicCoverage>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Balaenoptera acutorostrata</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Common minke whale</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Balaenoptera physalus</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Fin whale</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Caretta caretta</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Loggerhead sea turtle</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>order</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Cetacea</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Cetaceans</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Delphinus delphis</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Short-beaked common dolphin</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Globicephala melas</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Long-finned pilot whale</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Grampus griseus</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Risso's dolphin</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Hyperoodon ampullatus</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Northern bottlenose whale</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>family</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Hyperoodontidae</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Beaked whales</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Orcinus orca</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Killer whale</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Physeter macrocephalus</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Sperm whale</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Pseudorca crassidens</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>False killer whale</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Stenella coeruleoalba</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Striped dolphin</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Tursiops truncatus</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Common bottlenose dolphin</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>genus</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Ziphius</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Goose-beaked whales</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
        <taxonomicClassification>
          <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
          <taxonRankValue>Ziphius cavirostris</taxonRankValue>
          <commonName>Cuvier's beaked whale</commonName>
        </taxonomicClassification>
      </taxonomicCoverage>
    </coverage>
    <purpose>
      <para>Alnitak is a non-governmental non-profit association, founded in 1990 with the main aim of developing studies in cooperation with universities, environmental organizations and other institutions to increase our knowledge on the marine and coastal environment and thereby contribute to biodiversity conservation strategies. Alnitak focuses most of its research efforts into providing baseline scientific data for the adoption of management measures that should make fisheries sustainability, economic development and biodiversity conservation compatible. For this reason, Alnitak and its researchers have participated in useful and important projects such as LIFE02NAT/E/8610, SCANS II, CODA and NECESSITY. The research team of Alnitak has wide experience in research fields such as: the bioacoustics applied to Acoustic Deterrent Devices (ADDs) and Acoustic Harassement Devices (AHDs) and especially in the development of playback experiments and the cetaceans' reactions to them; the study of populations of sea turtles and in particular the monitoring of the bycatch in longline gear, data collection onboard fishing vessels, and experimental techniques on mitigation measures; and the study of cetacean populations, in particular their abundance and habitat preferences through spatial modelling, and their conservation problems. In this sense, Alnitak has been focusing during the last years in the development of Conservation Plans and the design of Marine Protected Areas, based on robust scientific data. In addition, there is a strong tradition of cooperation and synergy among the Alnitak team and the main European and other international entities with programs devoted to these issues (e.g., NOAA Fisheries, WIDECAST, SMRU, IWC, DIFRES, ACCOBAMS, EC, IEO Spain), the main stakeholders (e.g., the longline fishing fleet) and the competent authorities in Spain (Ministry of Environment and Ministry of Fisheries). Alnitak conducts research using the research vessel Toftevaag, which has been used to carry out the cetacean and sea turtle research for more than 15 years.</para>
    </purpose>
    <!-- Added for IPT2.3 on 2015-11-18 
Available options for maintenanceUpdateFrequency
daily|...|notPlanned|irregular|unknown
-->
    <maintenance>
      <description>
        <para/>
      </description>
      <maintenanceUpdateFrequency>notPlanned</maintenanceUpdateFrequency>
    </maintenance>
    <contact>
      <individualName>
        <givenName>Ana</givenName>
        <surName>Ca&#xF1;adas</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>Alnilam</organizationName>
      <positionName>Primary contact</positionName>
      <electronicMailAddress>anacanadas@alnilam.com.es</electronicMailAddress>
      <onlineUrl/>
    </contact>
    <methods>
      <methodStep>
        <description>
          <para>NA</para>
        </description>
      </methodStep>
      <sampling>
        <studyExtent>
          <description>
            <para>NA</para>
          </description>
        </studyExtent>
        <samplingDescription>
          <para>NA</para>
        </samplingDescription>
      </sampling>
    </methods>
    <project>
      <title>Alnitak-Alnilam Cetaceans and sea turtles surveys off Southern Spain</title>
      <personnel>
        <individualName>
          <givenName>Ana</givenName>
          <surName>Ca&#xF1;adas</surName>
        </individualName>
        <role>owner</role>
      </personnel>
      <funding>
        <para>NA</para>
      </funding>
      <studyAreaDescription>
        <descriptor name="generic" citableClassificationSystem="false">
          <descriptorValue/>
        </descriptor>
      </studyAreaDescription>
      <designDescription>
        <description>
          <para/>
        </description>
      </designDescription>
    </project>
    <shortName>zd_429</shortName>
  </dataset>
  <additionalMetadata>
    <metadata>
      <gbif>
        <dateStamp>2025-07-31T14:17:34-04:00</dateStamp>
        <hierarchyLevel>dataset</hierarchyLevel>
        <citation identifier="https://doi.org/10.82144/2134f32c">Ca&#xF1;adas, A. 2018. Alnitak-Alnilam Cetaceans and sea turtles surveys off Southern Spain. Version 1.6.0. Dataset published in OBIS-SEAMAP. https://doi.org/10.82144/2134f32c.</citation>
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            <externallyDefinedFormat>
              <formatName>Interactive map</formatName>
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          <distribution>
            <online>
              <url function="download">https://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/429</url>
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        <physical>
          <objectName>FGDC Metadata</objectName>
          <characterEncoding>UTF-8</characterEncoding>
          <dataFormat>
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          <distribution>
            <online>
              <url function="download">https://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/429/fgdc</url>
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        <physical>
          <objectName>EML Metadata</objectName>
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          <distribution>
            <online>
              <url function="download">https://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/429/eml</url>
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        <!-- added for STAT on 2016/03/28 -->
        <collection>
          <parentCollectionIdentifier>OBIS-SEAMAP</parentCollectionIdentifier>
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          <collectionName>zd_429</collectionName>
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        <bibliography>
          <citation identifier="http://www.alnitak.info/spanish/publica/downloads/2005AQC.pdf">Ca&#xF1;adas, A., R. Sagarminaga, R. de Stephanis, E. Urquiola and P.S. Hammond. 2005. Habitat preference modelling as a conservation tool: Proposals for marine protected areas for cetaceans in southern Spanish waters. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems: 15:495-521.</citation>
        </bibliography>
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