<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metadata xml:lang="en"><Esri><MetaID>{999A9551-D701-4CF5-9373-131D3DD8D969}</MetaID><CreaDate>20050512</CreaDate><CreaTime>19291400</CreaTime><SyncOnce>FALSE</SyncOnce><SyncDate>20060710</SyncDate><SyncTime>17161900</SyncTime><ModDate>20060815</ModDate><ModTime>12091700</ModTime></Esri><idinfo><keywords><theme><themekt>None</themekt><themekey>Vessels</themekey><themekey>Sightings</themekey><themekey>Killer whales</themekey><themekey>Venezuela</themekey><themekey>Distribution</themekey><themekey>Caribbean Sea</themekey></theme></keywords><native Sync="TRUE">Relational database</native><descript><langdata Sync="TRUE">en</langdata><abstract>Reported occurrences of the killer whale (&lt;i&gt;Orcinus orca&lt;/i&gt;) off Venezuela are scarce. Eighteen records were opportunistically collected from April 1982 through January 2008. Bottom depth for the sightings was 10-1,500 m (mean = 444 + SD = 405; mode = 400, n = 18). Five records had available associated still photographs or video. Noteworthy was a videotaped attack by two killer whales on a leatherback turtle (&lt;i&gt;Dermochelys coriacea&lt;/i&gt;). Group size ranged from 1-5 individuals (mean = 2.67 + SD = 1.57; mode = 1,  n = 18). Adult males were present during 67% of reported sightings; females/juveniles were present in 61% (n = 12 and 11, respectively). Pictures of two male killer whales were sent to researchers in Brazil and the Bahamas for comparison purposes. Adult males were present in 92% of reported sightings. Females and juveniles were observed during 67% of reported sightings. 83% of the records were from December through May. There is currently not enough information to speculate on any seasonality to the occurrence of this species in Venezuelan waters.</abstract><purpose>The purpose of this work was to update information on killer whale occurrences in Venezuelan waters, on the basis of opportunistic sightings and/or pictures provided by non-professional observers.</purpose><supplinf>A few records did not record day or day and month. For these records, month and day fields were filled with 1. A note was added to [remarks] field, which may be released upon the data provider's permission.</supplinf></descript><citation><citeinfo><origin>Bolanos, J</origin><pubdate>2010</pubdate><title>Killer whales occurrences in Venezuelan waters 1982-2008</title><onlink>https://doi.org/10.82144/bef0a43f</onlink><serinfo><sername>OBIS-SEAMAP</sername><issue>522</issue></serinfo><pubinfo><pubplace>http://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/522</pubplace><publish>OBIS-SEAMAP</publish></pubinfo><edition>Version 1.0.0</edition></citeinfo></citation><timeperd><current>ground condition</current><timeinfo><rngdates><begdate>19820401</begdate><enddate>20080115</enddate></rngdates></timeinfo></timeperd><status><progress>In work</progress><update>As needed</update></status><spdom><bounding><westbc>-68.27</westbc><eastbc>-64.2258</eastbc><northbc>11.77</northbc><southbc>10.41</southbc></bounding><lboundng><leftbc Sync="TRUE">-68.27</leftbc><rightbc Sync="TRUE">-64.2258</rightbc><bottombc Sync="TRUE">10.41</bottombc><topbc Sync="TRUE">11.77</topbc></lboundng><descgeog>Ocean</descgeog></spdom><accconst>Open public unless otherwise noted. See Use Constraints for details.</accconst><useconst>1. Not to use data obtained from OBIS-SEAMAP in any publication, product, or commercial application without proper attribution to the original data provider(s) and OBIS-SEAMAP unless the datasets are explicitly shown under the CC0 policy. Citations or credits are suggested as attribution. If the data you downloaded come from multiple datasets, a citation or credit to each of the datasets is required.

Suggested citation for this dataset

Bolanos, J. 2010. Killer whales occurrences in Venezuelan waters 1982-2008. Data downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP (http://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/522) on yyyy-mm-dd.

Suggested citation for OBIS-SEAMAP:

Halpin, P.N., A.J. Read, E. Fujioka, B.D. Best, B. Donnelly, L.J. Hazen, C. Kot, K. Urian, E. LaBrecque, A. Dimatteo, J. Cleary, C. Good, L.B. Crowder, and K.D. Hyrenbach. 2009. OBIS-SEAMAP: The world data center for marine mammal, sea bird, and sea turtle distributions. Oceanography 22(2):104-115

2. To forward the citation of any publication / report that made use of the data / tools provided by OBIS-SEAMAP for inclusion in our list of references.

3. Not to hold OBIS-SEAMAP or the original data providers liable for errors in the data. While we have made every effort to ensure the quality of the database, we cannot guarantee the accuracy of these datasets. 

4. The burden for determining fitness for use of the downloaded data for any analyses lies entirely with the user. OBIS-SEAMAP or the original data providers do not support outcomes of your analyses that used the data you downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP.

5. To consider inclusion of the accompanying transect (effort) dataset if available into the methodology of your analyses.

6. Not to redistribute the data you downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP through any media without contect from OBIS-SEAMAP and the original data providers unless the datasets are explicitly shown under the CC0 policy.</useconst><natvform Sync="TRUE">Shapefile</natvform><ptcontac><cntinfo><cntperp><cntper>Jaime Bolanos</cntper><cntorg>Sea Vida</cntorg></cntperp><cntaddr><addrtype>mailing and physical address</addrtype><address>A.P. 162</address><city>Cagua</city><state>Aragua</state><postal>2122</postal><country>Venezuela</country></cntaddr><cntpos/><cntemail>megapterax@yahoo.com</cntemail><cntvoice>+582443960393</cntvoice><cntfax/></cntinfo></ptcontac>
	<taxonomy><taxonsys><classsys><classcit><citeinfo><origin>Integrated Taxonomic Information System</origin><title>Integrated Taxonomic Information System</title><onlink>http://www.itis.usda.gov/</onlink><othercit>Downloaded April, 2004</othercit></citeinfo></classcit></classsys><ider><cntinfo><cntorgp><cntorg>Refer to the contact information of the dataset</cntorg></cntorgp></cntinfo></ider></taxonsys><taxoncl><taxonrn>Kingdom</taxonrn><taxonrv>Animalia</taxonrv><taxontsn>202423</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Phylum</taxonrn><taxonrv>Chordata</taxonrv><taxontsn>158852</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Subphylum</taxonrn><taxonrv>Vertebrata</taxonrv><taxontsn>331030</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Class</taxonrn><taxonrv>Mammalia</taxonrv><taxontsn>179913</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Subclass</taxonrn><taxonrv>Theria</taxonrv><taxontsn>179916</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Infraclass</taxonrn><taxonrv>Eutheria</taxonrv><taxontsn>179925</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Order</taxonrn><taxonrv>Cetacea</taxonrv><taxontsn>180403</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Suborder</taxonrn><taxonrv>Odontoceti</taxonrv><taxontsn>180404</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Family</taxonrn><taxonrv>Delphinidae</taxonrv><taxontsn>180415</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn><taxonrv>Orcinus</taxonrv><taxontsn>180468</taxontsn><taxoncl><taxonrn>Species</taxonrn><taxonrv>Orcinus orca</taxonrv><taxontsn>180469</taxontsn></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxoncl></taxonomy><datacred>Jaime Bolaños-Jiménez</datacred><crossref><citeinfo><origin>Bolaños-Jiménez, J., D. Fertl and M. Iñíguez</origin><pubdate>2009</pubdate><title>Killer whale (&lt;i&gt;Orcinus orca&lt;/i&gt;) occurrence In Venezuelan waters, 1982-2008</title><serinfo><sername>LAJAM</sername><issue>7(1-2): 75-79</issue></serinfo><onlink>http://www.cethus.org/pdf/Bolano_set_al_KW_Venezuela_2010.pdf</onlink></citeinfo></crossref><crossref><citeinfo><origin>Jaime Bolaños-Jiménez, Dagmar Fertl, and Miguel Iñíguez</origin><pubdate>2008</pubdate><title>A note on killer whale (&lt;i&gt;Orcinus orca&lt;i&gt;) occurrence in Venezuelan waters, 2001-2008</title><serinfo><sername>IWC SC60/SM8</sername></serinfo><onlink>http://www.cethus.org/pdf/killer_whales_occurrence_in_venezuela_waters_2001-2008_IWC_2008.pdf</onlink></citeinfo></crossref><crossref><citeinfo><origin>Halpin, P.N., A.J. Read, E. Fujioka, B.D. Best, B. Donnelly, L.J. Hazen, C. Kot, K. Urian, E. LaBrecque, A. Dimatteo, J. Cleary, C. Good, L.B. Crowder, and K.D. Hyrenbach</origin><pubdate>2009</pubdate><title>OBIS-SEAMAP: The world data center for marine mammal, sea bird, and sea turtle distributions</title><serinfo><sername>Oceanography</sername><issue>22(2):104-115</issue></serinfo><onlink>http://www.tos.org/oceanography/article/obis-seamap-the-world-data-center-for-marine-mammal-sea-bird-and-sea-turtle</onlink></citeinfo></crossref></idinfo>
	<metainfo>
		<langmeta Sync="TRUE">en</langmeta><metstdn Sync="TRUE">FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata</metstdn><metstdv Sync="TRUE">FGDC-STD-001-1998</metstdv><mettc Sync="TRUE">local time</mettc><metc><cntinfo><cntperp><cntper>Ei Fujioka</cntper><cntorg>Duke University</cntorg></cntperp><cntpos/><cntaddr><addrtype>mailing and physical address</addrtype><address>LSRC A328</address><city>Durham</city><state>NC</state><country>USA</country><postal>27708</postal></cntaddr><cntemail>efujioka@duke.edu</cntemail><cntvoice>919-613-8021</cntvoice></cntinfo></metc><metextns><onlink>http://www.nbii.gov/</onlink><metprof>Biological Data Profile</metprof></metextns><metextns><onlink Sync="TRUE">http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html</onlink><metprof Sync="TRUE">ESRI Metadata Profile</metprof></metextns><metd Sync="TRUE">20160614</metd><metrd>20160614</metrd></metainfo><mdLang><languageCode Sync="TRUE" value="en"/></mdLang><mdStanName Sync="TRUE">ISO 19115 Geographic Information - Metadata</mdStanName><mdStanVer Sync="TRUE">DIS_ESRI1.0</mdStanVer><mdChar><CharSetCd Sync="TRUE" value="004"/></mdChar><mdHrLv><ScopeCd Sync="TRUE" value="005"/></mdHrLv><mdHrLvName Sync="TRUE">dataset</mdHrLvName><distinfo><resdesc Sync="TRUE">OBIS-SEAMAP Dataset ID 522</resdesc><stdorder><digform><digtinfo><transize Sync="TRUE">0.021</transize><dssize Sync="TRUE">0.021</dssize><formname>zip</formname><filedec>zipped shapefile</filedec></digtinfo><digtopt><onlinopt><computer><networka><networkr>http://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/522</networkr></networka></computer></onlinopt></digtopt></digform><fees>Free</fees><ordering>Go to the OBIS-SEAMAP web site</ordering></stdorder><distrib><cntinfo><cntorgp><cntper>OBIS-SEAMAP</cntper><cntorg>Nicholas School of Environment, Duke Univ.</cntorg></cntorgp><cntpos/><cntaddr><addrtype>mailing and physical address</addrtype><address>A328, LSRC</address><city>Durham</city><state>NC</state><postal>27708</postal><country>USA</country></cntaddr><cntvoice>919-613-8021</cntvoice><cntemail>seamap-contact@duke.edu</cntemail><cntefax/></cntinfo></distrib><distliab>Not to hold OBIS-SEAMAP liable for errors in the data. While we have made every effort to ensure the quality of the database, we cannot guarantee the accuracy of these datasets.&#13;
Also please refer to Use Constraints.</distliab></distinfo>
	<distInfo>
		<distributor><distorTran>
				<onLineSrc><orDesc Sync="TRUE">002</orDesc>
					<protocol Sync="TRUE">Local Area Network</protocol>
				</onLineSrc>
				<transSize Sync="TRUE">0.021</transSize></distorTran>
			<distorFormat><formatName Sync="TRUE">Shapefile</formatName></distorFormat>
		</distributor></distInfo>
	<spdoinfo><direct Sync="TRUE">Vector</direct><ptvctinf>
		</ptvctinf></spdoinfo>
	<spref><horizsys><cordsysn><geogcsn>GCS_WGS_1984</geogcsn></cordsysn><geograph><geogunit>Decimal degrees</geogunit><latres>1e-05</latres><longres>1e-05</longres></geograph><geodetic><horizdn>D_WGS_1984</horizdn><ellips>WGS_1984</ellips><semiaxis>6378137.000000</semiaxis><denflat>298.257224</denflat></geodetic></horizsys></spref><refSysInfo><RefSystem><refSysID><identCode Sync="TRUE">GCS_WGS_1984</identCode></refSysID></RefSystem></refSysInfo><spatRepInfo><VectSpatRep><topLvl><TopoLevCd Sync="TRUE" value="001"/></topLvl>
		</VectSpatRep>
	</spatRepInfo><eainfo><overview><eaover>This section explains attributes included in the original dataset.&#13;
OBIS-SEAMAP restricts the attributes available to the public to date/time, lat/lon and species names/counts only.&#13;
Should you need other attributes described here, you are encouraged to contact the data provider.</eaover><eadetcit>Jaime Bolaños-Jiménez</eadetcit></overview><detailed><enttyp><enttypl>Biogeographic data</enttypl><enttypd>Biogeographic data</enttypd><enttypds>Not applicable</enttypds></enttyp><attr><attrlabl>row_id</attrlabl><attrdef>Row ID</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>Row ID</udom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>obs_date</attrlabl><attrdef>Sighting date. A few records did not record day part or month and day parts. If this is the case, a note was added to "remarks" field.</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>Sighting date. A few records did not record day part or month and day parts. If this is the case, a note was added to "remarks" field.</udom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>location</attrlabl><attrdef>Location</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>Location</udom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>latitude</attrlabl><attrdef>Latitude in decimal degrees</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>Latitude in decimal degrees</udom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>longitude</attrlabl><attrdef>Longitude in decimal degrees</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>Longitude in decimal degrees</udom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>depth</attrlabl><attrdef>Depth in meters</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>Depth in meters</udom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>sp_obs</attrlabl><attrdef>Species observed (added by OBIS-SEAMAP)</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>Species observed (added by OBIS-SEAMAP)</udom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>sp_tsn</attrlabl><attrdef>Taxonomic Serial Number by Integrated Taxonomic Information System</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>Taxonomic Serial Number by Integrated Taxonomic Information System</udom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>obs_count</attrlabl><attrdef>Number of animals</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>Number of animals</udom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>male</attrlabl><attrdef>Number of males in the group</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>Number of males in the group</udom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>female</attrlabl><attrdef>Number of females or juveniles in the group</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>Number of females or juveniles in the group</udom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>remarks</attrlabl><attrdef>Remarks</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>Remarks</udom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>observer</attrlabl><attrdef>Observer or source</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>Observer or source</udom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>geom</attrlabl><attrdef>definition not provided</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>definition not provided</udom></attrdomv></attr><attr><attrlabl>oid</attrlabl><attrdef>Unique ID number (generated by SEAMAP)</attrdef><attrdefs>Data provider</attrdefs><attrdomv><udom>Unique ID number (generated by SEAMAP)</udom></attrdomv></attr></detailed></eainfo><mdDateSt Sync="TRUE">20060815</mdDateSt>
	<dataqual><posacc><horizpa><horizpar/></horizpa><vertacc><vertaccr/></vertacc></posacc><attracc><attraccr/></attracc><complete>All observation records are included.</complete><logic>Permissible values for date and time and coordinates were validated by the data provider and the OBIS-SEAMAP data manager. Species identification by the data provider was matched with Integrated Taxonomic Information System.</logic><lineage><procstep><procdesc>Data were put through the OBIS-SEAMAP data registration steps.</procdesc><procdate>20100824</procdate></procstep></lineage></dataqual>
</metadata>
