{999A9551-D701-4CF5-9373-131D3DD8D969} 20050512 19291400 FALSE 20060710 17161900 20060815 12091700 NoneVesselsSightingswhaleschartssperm whalehumpback whaleNoneworld Relational database en The Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) has digitally captured the Townsend Whaling Charts that were published as a series of 4 charts with the article titled "The distribution of certain whales as shown by logbook records of American whale ships" by Charles Haskins Townsend in the journal Zoologica in 1935. The 4 charts show the locations of over 50,000 captures of 4 whale species; sperm whales (36,908), right whales (8,415), humpback whales (2,883) and bowhead whales (5,114). Capture locations were transcribed from North American (“Yankee”) pelagic whale vessel log books dating from 1761 to 1920 and plotted onto nautical charts in a Mercator projection by a cartographer. Each point plotted on the charts represents the location of a whaling ship on a day when one or more whales were taken and is symbolized by month of the year using a combination of color and open and closed circles. Townsend and his cartographer plotted vessel locations as accurately as possible according to log book records. When plotting locations on an earlier sperm whale chart published in 1931 the cartographer spaced points where locations were very dense, "extending areas slightly" for a number of whaling grounds. However, for charts in preparation at this time, Townsend states that "this difficulty is avoided by omitting some of the data, rather than extend the ground beyond actual whaling limits." We assumed that this statement refers to the 1935 charts but there is still some question as to whether the cartographer did in fact space locations and thus expand whaling grounds.This dataset provides point features that represent the historical locations of right whale catches taken by North American pelagic whaling vessels between 1761 to 1920. Points were derived from 4 charts that were first scanned on a large format scanner at a resolution of 200 dpi. The charts were then georeferenced in the native projection of the charts, the Mercator projection, using GIS software (ESRI ArcView 3.2). Each vessel capture location plotted on the charts was then digitized as a point feature and attributed with the month of capture. One GIS file (ESRI shapefile) was then created for each whale species represented by the charts; sperm whale, right whale, humpback whale and bowhead whale. Digitizing errors include missed points, particularly from areas of dense chart locations, and incorrect assignment of month of capture because of difficulty distinguishing between chart colors. However to limit these errors multiple checks of digitized and chart locations were made and color enhancements of chart scans were used to ensure correct month assignments. Overall we are confident that at least 95% of catch locations have been digitized and that at least 95% of month attributes are correct. For full resolution digital copies of the Townsend charts please contact Gillian Woolmer (gwoolmer@wcs.org).[2023-01-31] The year of the date was changed from 1913 to 1849, the midpoint of the time range of the data. WCS digitized the Townsend whaling charts in 2002 using ArcView 3.2 from ESRI. The information WCS has captured for each point location is the whale species (based on the chart) and the month, based on the chart point symbol. Exact dates and number of whales taken was not possible to determine. Right whale captures were separated into northern and southern right whale species, based on their geographic location. Since time, count, day, and year were not available, "00:00:00," 1, 1, and 1913 were used, respectively. Only month is available. Woolmer, G2013https://doi.org/10.82144/f3b623deOBIS-SEAMAP885https://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/885OBIS-SEAMAPvector digital dataVersion 1.6.1 ground condition1913010119131201 CompleteNone planned 0.00736359.9901473.26411-58.464140.00736359.99014-58.4641473.26411world Open public unless otherwise noted. See Use Constraints for details. 1. Not to use data obtained from OBIS-SEAMAP in any publication, product, or commercial application without proper attribution to the original data provider(s) and OBIS-SEAMAP unless the datasets are explicitly shown under the CC0 policy. Citations or credits are suggested as attribution. If the data you downloaded come from multiple datasets, a citation or credit to each of the datasets is required. Suggested citation for this dataset: Woolmer, G. 2013. Historical distribution of whales shown by logbook records 1785-1913. Version 1.6.1. Dataset published in OBIS-SEAMAP. https://doi.org/10.82144/f3b623de. Suggested citation for OBIS-SEAMAP: Halpin, P.N., A.J. Read, E. Fujioka, B.D. Best, B. Donnelly, L.J. Hazen, C. Kot, K. Urian, E. LaBrecque, A. Dimatteo, J. Cleary, C. Good, L.B. Crowder, and K.D. Hyrenbach. 2009. OBIS-SEAMAP: The world data center for marine mammal, sea bird, and sea turtle distributions. Oceanography 22(2):104-115 2. To forward the citation of any publication / report that made use of the data / tools provided by OBIS-SEAMAP for inclusion in our list of references. 3. Not to hold OBIS-SEAMAP or the original data providers liable for errors in the data. While we have made every effort to ensure the quality of the database, we cannot guarantee the accuracy of these datasets. 4. The burden for determining fitness for use of the downloaded data for any analyses lies entirely with the user. OBIS-SEAMAP or the original data providers do not support outcomes of your analyses that used the data you downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP. 5. To consider inclusion of the accompanying transect (effort) dataset if available into the methodology of your analyses. 6. Not to redistribute the data you downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP through any media without contect from OBIS-SEAMAP and the original data providers unless the datasets are explicitly shown under the CC0 policy. Shapefile Gillian WoolmerWCS Canada mailing and physical address

Suite 600, 720 Spadina Ave

TorontoONM5S 2T9Canada 416-850-9038 x.24gwoolmer@wcs.org416-850-9040 Integrated Taxonomic Information Systemhttp://www.itis.usda.gov/Downloaded April, 2004Refer to the contact information of the datasetWildlife Conservation SocietyTownsend, C.H.1935vector digital dataZoologica19(1): 1-50Townsend, C.H.1931vector digital dataZoologica34(6): 173-179Halpin, P.N., A.J. Read, E. Fujioka, B.D. Best, B. Donnelly, L.J. Hazen, C. Kot, K. Urian, E. LaBrecque, A. Dimatteo, J. Cleary, C. Good, L.B. Crowder, and K.D. Hyrenbach2009Oceanography22(2):104-115 en FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998 local time Ei Fujioka Nicholas School of Environment, Duke University mailing and physical addressDurhamNC27708

A328, LSRC

USA 919-613-8021 seamap-contact@duke.edu Connie KotDuke University http://www.nbii.gov/Biological Data Profilehttp://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.htmlESRI Metadata Profile 20250929 20250929 ISO 19115 Geographic Information - MetadataDIS_ESRI1.0dataset OBIS-SEAMAP Dataset ID 885 0.021 0.021 OBIS-SEAMAP Free Go to the OBIS-SEAMAP web site and click on [Datasets] tab appearing on upper left. Nicholas School of Environment, Duke Univ. OBIS-SEAMAP mailing and physical address DurhamNCUSA

A328, LSRC

27708 919-613-8021 seamap-contact@duke.edu Not to hold OBIS-SEAMAP liable for errors in the data. While we have made every effort to ensure the quality of the database, we cannot guarantee the accuracy of these datasets. Also please refer to Use Constraints. 002 Local Area Network 0.021 Shapefile Vector GCS_WGS_1984Decimal degrees1e-051e-05D_WGS_1984WGS_19846378137.000000298.257224GCS_WGS_1984 This section explains attributes included in the original dataset. OBIS-SEAMAP restricts the attributes available to the public to date/time, lat/lon and species names/counts only. Should you need other attributes described here, you are encouraged to contact the data provider.Wildlife Conservation SocietyBiogeographic dataBiogeographic dataNot applicableoidUnique ID (generated by OBIS-SEAMAP)Data providerUnique ID (generated by OBIS-SEAMAP)monthMonth of observationData providerMonth of observationlatitudeLatitude of observationData providerLatitude of observationlongitudeLongitude of observationData providerLongitude of observationsp_obsSpecies observedData providerSpecies observedsp_tsnSpecies ITIS TSNData providerSpecies ITIS TSNobs_dateDay and year were not available, so 1 and 1913 were used, respectivelyData providerDay and year were not available, so 1 and 1913 were used, respectivelyobs_timeTime was not available so "00:00:00" was usedData providerTime was not available so "00:00:00" was usedbeg_yearBeginning year of temporal range (1785)Data providerBeginning year of temporal range (1785)end_yearEnding year of temporal range (1913)Data providerEnding year of temporal range (1913)obs_countCount was not available, so 1 was usedData providerCount was not available, so 1 was usednotesNotes on when time, count, day, and year were not available, so "00:00:00," 1, 1, and 1913 were used, respectivelyData providerNotes on when time, count, day, and year were not available, so "00:00:00," 1, 1, and 1913 were used, respectivelygeomData provider20060815 UnknownCompletePermissible values for date and time and coordinates were validated by the data provider and the OBIS-SEAMAP data manager. Species identification by the data provider was matched with Integrated Taxonomic Information System.Data were put through the OBIS-SEAMAP data registration steps.20250925